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COWRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



LATIN 
PROSE COMPOSITION 

BY 

MABEL K. SEEDS, B. L, A. B., 

PROFESSOR OF LATIN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE, 
TAYLOR UNIVERSITY, UPLAND, IND. 



LUTHERAN BOOK CONCERN 

COLUMBUS, OHIO 
1900 



THE LIBRARY OF 
CONGRESS, 

Two Copies Received 

APR. 10 1901 

Copyright entry 

CLASS 4\XXa N». 

COPY B. 



Entered according to the Act of Congress 
in the year 1900, 

BY MABEL K. SEEDS, 

in the office of the Librarian of Congress 
at Washington 



PREFACE. 



THE design of this brief text on Latin Prose Composition 
is to aid the student in gaining a practical and connected 
knowledge of the principles of the Latin Language. It is de- 
signed to be used in Preparatory Collegiate, Academic, or High 
School, work. > 

It comprises Grammar Lessons with proper references and 
Exercises, Suggestive Notes, Table for the Systematic Study of 
the Latin Verb, and an English-Latin vocabulary. 

The latest edition (1898) of Harkness Latin Grammar, also 
the edition of 1881, are used for the references. 

In the Lessons, the student is left free from any help as far 
as models and a lesson vocabulary are concerned. The study of 
the Grammar Lessons should be thorough and should include a 
study of the examples under each principle as treated. We be- 
lieve these to be sufficient, and the best, aid for the student. 
The vocabulary at the close contains all words to be used in the 
Exercises. The student is thus required to select the proper 



4 Preface, 

Latin term ; which, in itself, is helpful to him in learning the 
various uses of the words. 

The Lessons are arranged in Three Parts: Part I is de- 
signed to follow up the principles taught in most texts on be- 
ginning Latin, and thus to prepare the student for reading 
Caesar. Part II is a more advanced study of Indirect Discourse 
and the Subjunctive; while Part III is a more general study of 
the important principles of the Latin Grammar, considering 
them from the standpoint of subjects. The text will suffice for 
one year's work by having two lessons per week from Part I, 
and one lesson per week from Parts II and III, to be used as 
prose lessons in connection with the reading of the Classics reg- 
ularly prescribed in a collegiate preparatory course. 

We believe a thorough study of this brief text will famil- 
iarize the student with the principles of the Latin Language, as 
he meets them in the study of the Classics. 

With this statement of its design, we hope the text may meet 
the approval of classical teachers; and respectfully submit the 
book to the hands of those who may desire its use. . 

Mabel K. Seeds. 

Taylor University, August I2tk, 1900. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PART I. 
Lesson. Page. 

I. Declension of Nouns . . . . . . . .11 

II. Declension of Nouns (continued) . . . . .12 

III. Adjectives, and their Use ....... 13 

IV. Comparison of Adjectives. Numerals. Use of Ablative with 

Comparatives ........ 14 

, V. Adverbs, and their Comparison. Interjections. Accusative 

in Exclamations. Pronouns . . . . . .15 

VI. Pronouns (continued) ....... 16 

VII. Verbs. Deponent Verbs. Periphrastic Conjugations . . 17 
VIII. Dative of Apparent Agent. Ablative : — Special Uses. Syn- 
tax of Verbs. Absolute and Relative Time. Sequence 
of Tense ......... 18 

IX. Irregular Verbs. Subjunctive in Independent Sentences. 

[Potential, Optative, Volitive.] . . . . . 19 

X. Defective Verbs. Imperative and Subjunctive. Accusative 20 

XL Accusative (continued). Subjunctive in Subordinate Clauses 21 

XII. Dative. Volitive Subjunctive in Subordinate Clauses . . 22 

XIII. Dative (continued). Subjunctive in Substantive Clauses . 23 

XIV. Genitive. Subjunctive in Substantive Clauses (continued). 

Clauses of Purpose ....... 24 

XV. Genitive (continued). Potential Subjunctive in Subordinate 

Clauses. Potential Subjunctive in Clauses of Result . 25 



PART I. 



Latin Prose Composition. 11 

LESSON I. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. First Declension 1 .... 78-81. (48-50). 

II. Second Declension 1 .... 82-89. (5 I "54)- 

III. Third Declension 1 . . . . 94-124. (55-115). 

Note 1. The references are to the latest (1898) edition of Hark- 
ness Latin Grammar. Those in parentheses are references to the edition 
of 1881 of same author. 

Note 2. The lessons of Part 1 are a more advanced study of prin- 
ciples taught in a beginning book on Latin. 

EXERCISE. 

i. The beautiful stars show the handiwork of God. 2. The 
fields of the husbandmen furnish nourishment. 3. The fame of 
the general was won in war Q). 4. The story ( 2 ) of Aeneas was 
famous ( 3 ) at Rome and at Corinth. 5. An epitome is beneficial 
to the memory. 6. The deeds of Androgeos were known at 
Athens. 7. The death ( 4 ) of Orpheus is a sad but ( 5 ) beautiful 
story. 8. They slew the hero at the Tibur. 9. The fall of snow 
and hail put out the torches of the cohort. 10. Sacrifices were 
offered ( 6 ) to Jupiter daily. 11. Many pleasant friendships are 
formed. 12. At Athens, fame was gained by learning. 13. At 
Rome, there were many statues of heroes. 

1. The references to the grammar should be thoroughly studied 
in each lesson, and examples noted carefully. 



12 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON II. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Fourth Declension . . . 131-133. (116-119.) 

II. Fifth Declension . . . 134,135. (120-123.) 

III. General Table of Gender . . . 136. (124.) 

IV. Indeclinable Nouns and Adjectives . 137. (128, 159.) 
V. Defective Nouns and Adjectives 138-144. (129-134, 159.) 

VI. Heteroclites .... 145, 146. (135-140.) 

VII. Heterogeneous Nouns . . . 147,148. (141-145.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. The home of the Scipios was beautiful. 2. The camp 
was moved ( x ) from the borders. 3. The baggage was worth- 
less to the plunderers. 4. Instances of avarice ( 2 ) are seen daily. 
5. Were the possessions ( 3 ) of our forefathers large? 6. The 
troops were conquered by hunger ( 4 ). 7. To be negligent is in- 
jurious ( 5 ). 8. One of ( 6 ) the children of the king was frugal 
by choice ( 7 ). 9. Sacred rites were paid ( 8 ) to the shades. 10. 
The Olympian games were performed at mid-day. 11. The day 
is long to the indolent. 12. We are known by our fruits. 13. 
Hope often preserves our happiness in adversity. 14. The great 
statesmen of Rome engaged in public affairs. 15. To do good 
is human, to be good is divine. 



9Q-93- 


(148-151 


) 


125-130. 


(152-158 


) 




434- (39i 


) 


45o,45i- (399 


) 


492-499- 


(440-444 


) 



Latin Prose Composition. 13 

LESSON III. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Adjectives of the First and Second Declension 

II. Adjectives of the Third Declension 

III. Dative with Adjectives 

IV. Genitive with Adjectives 
V. Use of Adjectives . 

EXERCISE. 

1. The bird soars, unconscious of its sublime notes. 2. The 
one I loved, the other I regarded unworthy ( 1 ). 3. The true 
soldier is faithful to duty. 4. Riches are not necessary to the 
happiness of any one. 5. He was skilled in good arts ( 2 ). 6. 
The top ( 3 ) of the mountain was soon covered with snow ( 4 ). 

7. He was the first ( 5 ) of the soldiers who leaped from the ship. 

8. We do ( 6 ) wrong ( 6 ) unwillingly ( 7 ). 9. Virtue and vice are 
contrary to each other. 10. They hear little but they speak 
much. 11. To be useful to our friends is pleasant. 12. He was 
desirous of one, but rejected the other. 13. The wicked are 
too often greedy of gain. 14. The enemy gladly ( 7 ) left the 
camp, desirous of safety. 



14 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON IV. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Comparison of Adjectives . 149-159. (160-168,170.) 

II. Adjectives without Comparison . . 160. (169.) 

III. Numerals .... 161-171. (171-181.) 

IV. Ablative with Comparatives . . . 471. (417.) 

Note. — Familiarity with the numerals, both Adjective and Adverb, 
should be acquired by the student. 

EXERCISE. 

i. Tempests are roughest on the deepest seas. 2. Caesar 
gained much( 1 ) greater power than any other ( 2 ) ruler at Rome. 
3. The most difficult tasks ( 3 ) are performed by the greatest 
minds. 4. Animal is lower than man. 5. The love of a mother 
is far( 1 ) more lasting than the love of a friend. 6. Ninety 
horsemen and two hundred and twenty infantry guarded the for- 
tifications. 7. Ten times the number of the enemy were slain. 
8. Many( 4 ) a( 4 ) soldier has given his life for his country. 9. 
A good name is better than gold. 10. The bravest of the Gauls 
( 5 ) were the Belgae. 11. Caesar held the tenth legion in the 
highest estimation. 12. The good are more useful to their native 
land than the wicked. 



Latin Prose Composition. 15 

LESSON V. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Adverbs .... 304-310. (303-305-) 

II. Comparison of Adverbs . . . 311. (306.) 

III. Interjections . . . . . 317. (312.) 

IV. Accusative in Exclamations . . . 421. (381.) 
V. Pronouns. — Personal and Reflexive Pronouns. 

. 172-175- (182-184.) 

EXERCISE. 

I. Alas, how unhappy they are! 2. They rush hither and 
thither in( 1 ) search ( x ) of ( x ) wealth. 3. A life ( 2 ) of ease( 2 ) 
more often brings discontent than otherwise. 4. The battle most 
recently fought( 3 ) was especially remarkable( 4 ). 5. The mes- 
sage was brought for you in the evening. 6. Perhaps I myself 
will go with you( 5 ). 7. Caesar in turn divided his forces in two 
parts. 8. Hurrah for( 6 ) (in the name of) victory! 9. It was 
purchased for themselves. 10. O, happy youths ! you are rich 
with such a native land. 11. They themselves desired happiness 
more than wealth. 12. But silver and gold are sought more 
often than a happy life( 7 ). 13. Alas, how unwise is man! 



16 Latin Prose Composition^ 

LESSON VI. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Possessive Pronouns .... 176. (185.) 

II. Demonstrative Pronouns . . 177-179. (186.) 

III. Determinative Pronouns . . . 180,181. (186.) 

IV. Relative Pronouns .... 182. (187.) 
V. Interrogative Pronouns . . . 183,184. (188.) 

VI. Indefinite Pronouns . . . 185-189. (189-191.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. My friend, will you take this book? 2. These estates 
of yours are better than those estates of your friend. 3. He 
is such( 1 ) a friend as( 1 ) I always have regarded him. 4. Who 
indeed ( 2 ) is more desirous of vice than virtue? 5. Proclaim 
any truth whatever and some one will dissent. 6. Which of 
the two is right? 7. Whoever will( 3 ) is able to do right. 8. 
There is no one but( 4 ) knows the right. 9. Do good and 
bad proceed ( 5 ) from the same heart? 10. Anyone can( 6 ) dis- 
cern the right and wrong. 11. Alas! why will some choose evil 
more quickly than good? 12. Your vices are seen sooner than 
your virtues by most men. 13. Can you yourself see your vices 
as quickly as your virtues? 



Latin Prose Composition. 17 

LESSON VII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Verbs . . . . . 190-201. (192-203.) 

II. Verbal Endings . . . 255,256. (241-247.) 

III. Deponent Verbs . . . 222,223. (231,232.) 

IV. Semi-deponent Verbs . . 224. (268,283,465.) 
V. I Verbs of the Third Conjugation . 225-229. (217-219.) 

VI. Periphrastic Conjugations . . 236,237. (233,234.) 

Note. — The application of any verb to the Table for Systematic 
Study of the Latin Verb on page 66 will be found to be most helpful 
in mastering even the most difficult Latin verb. The Table has been 
formed by the author according to Comparative View of Conjugations 
in Hark. Lat. Gram., 218-222. 

EXERCISE. 

I. He who flatters is deserving to be shunned. 2. Ariovis- 
tus, taking care( 1 ), was desiring to muster his troops. 3. The 
enemy were about to capture ( 2 ) twice their ( 3 ) own ( 3 ) num- 
ber. 4. The consul, having breakfasted ( 4 ), was wont to go to 
the assembly. 5. A good character should ( 5 ) be desired. 6. 
The man who is wise will( 2 ) (is about to) make the greatest 
possible use( 6 ) of his opportunities^). 7. I rejoice to speak the 
truth. 8. Virtue should ( 5 ) be praised even in an enemy. 9. 
They advance and overthrow the fortification. 10. A good name 
is better than riches( 7 ). 



18 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON VIII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Dative of Apparent Agent . . . 431. (388.) 

II. Ablative. — Special Uses . . . 477. (421 I.) 

III. Syntax of Verbs . . . 517-541. (460-476.) 

IV. Distinction Between Absolute and Relative Time 

542, 543- C 1 ) 

V. Sequence of Tense. . . 544-550, (491-496.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. We enjoy the fragrance of flowers. 2. The city of 
Rome abounded in beautiful statues. 3. Do( 1 ) not( 1 ) be dis- 
turbed in adversity. 4. We( 2 ) must( 3 ) live the life of the up- 
right, 5. All should seek a virtuous life. 6. God will govern 
the winds and the seasons by His might. 7. Romulus was at- 
tempting to people his city by stratagem. 8. As( 4 ) soon( 4 ) 
as( 4 ) the fort was taken, it was announced to Caesar. 9. They 
were wont to live on flesh and milk. 10. The battle had( 5 ) 
to be fought by wearied soldiers. 11. Learning must be gained 
by him who would ( 6 ) be successful. 12. All are able to possess 
learning. 

1. No corresponding reference to the 1881 edition of Hark. Lat. 
Gram. 



Latin Prose Composition, 19 



LESSON IX. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Irregular Verbs . . . 290-298. (289-296.) 

II. Subjunctive in Independent Sentences: — 

I. Potential Subjunctive . 552-557. (485, 486.) 

II. Optative Subjunctive . . 558. (483,484.) 
III. Volitive Subjunctive . 559. (483,484.) 

Note. — In this, and all subsequent Exercises, let Sequence of 
Tense be closely observed by the student. 

EXERCISE. 

1. The flower cannot see its ( x ) own( 1 ) pure sweetness. 2. 
You would have believed him a good man. 3. Would that we 
might partake of( 2 ) the nectar of the gods. 4. I would prefer 
a life of usefulness to a life of ease. 5. The evils of our coun- 
try should be opposed by all good people. 6. Let us endure 
what cannot be cured ( 3 ). 7. Why should we not try to benefit 
mankind ( 4 ) as much as possible ? 8. The good will (be about to) 
dare to oppose injustice. 9. Let them carry back the spoils they 
had taken away. 10. O, if men would eat( 5 ) of ( 2 ) the feast at 
the King's table instead ( 6 ) of ( 6 ) the crumbs ! 



20 Latin Prose Composition. 



LESSON X. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Defective Verbs ..... 299-301. (297.) 
II. Accusative. — Two Ace. of Same Person or Thing 

• m 4io. (373.) 

III. Accusative. — Two Ace, one of the Person, one 

of the Thing . . . 411-413- (374"376.) 

IV. Imperative and Subjunctive . 560,561. (487-489.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. Remember to perform the duties of an upright man. 
2. Let us speak no evil of another. 3. Act so that you may 
shun the very( 1 ) appearance of evil. 4. Let us not begin what( 2 ) 
we cannot complete. 5. Romulus was regarded a god in later 
times ( 8 ). 6. The people( 4 ) of Rome called Caesar Imperator. 

7. Caesar regarded the fugitives in the number of the enemy. 

8. Cicero has taught us many useful things about friendship. 

9. The general kept( 5 ) his soldiers ignorant of his plan of march. 

10. Away with you! Do( 6 ) not annoy me. 11. Would that 
all might be regarded good. 12. You would choose the good 
man (as) ruler. 



Latin Prose Composition. 21 



LESSON XL 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Accusative. — Special Verbs . 405-408. (371,111.) 

II. Cognate Accusative .... 409. (371, II.) 

III. Accusative of Specification . . . 416. (378.) 

IV. Accusative of Time and Space . . 417. (379.) 
V. Accusative.— Limit of Motion . . 418,419. (380.) 

VI. Subjunctive in Subordinate Clauses . . 562, 563. ( 1 ) 

EXERCISE. 

1. The wretched despair of happiness( 1 ). 2. He died the 
death of the bravest of soldiers. 3. Perhaps some may de- 
sire that they may be at leisure at that time. 4. Men are like 
the gods( 2 ) in countenance. 5. Beware that( 3 ) you do not( 3 ) 
make ( 4 ) the same mistake ( 4 ). 6. Avoiding the assaults of the 
enemy, he continued the fight nine hours. 7. They went( 5 ) five 
miles through the forests to the marshes. 8. He was preparing 
to set out to Gaul to subdue them. 9. I would wish( 6 ) that 
they would laugh at their own faults. 10. They collected their 
troops in Corinth. 



1. This may be referred only indefinitely to Moods in Subordinate 
Clauses, page 269. 



22 Latin Prose Composition. 



LESSON XII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Dative with Verbs .... 424*425. (384.) 

II. Dative with Special Verbs . . . 426. (385.) 

III. Dative rendered from, or with . . 427. (385,2,3.) 

IV. Volitive Subjunctive in Substantive Clauses 

564. (497 II.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. Caesar cared for the comfort of his soldiers. 2. It is 
necessary ( x ) that you restrain your impetuous disposition or it 
will govern you. 3. The early Germans opposed these luxuries, 
so that their soldiers might not become effeminate by( 2 ) them( 2 ). 
4. He who is never satisfied with anything satisfies no one. 5. 
Orgetorix persuaded Casticus that he should try the same for- 
tune. 6. You may benefit mankind much by kind words. 7. 
There are( 3 ) some( 8 ) who differ from Cicero in regard ( 4 ) to( 4 ) 
friendship. 8. I would wish( 5 ) rather ( 5 ) that no one would 
ever slanderf 6 ) his neighbor ( 6 ). 9. We ought to cultivate a 
good character for ourselves. 10. It was decreed that he should 
build walls to the city. 



Latin Prose Composition. 23 

LESSON XIII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Dative with Compounds . . . 429. (386.) 

II. Dative of Possessor . . . . 430. (387.) 

III. Two Datives. — The Object To Which, and the Object 

or End For Which . . . 433. (390.) 

IV. Dative with Nouns and Adverbs . . 436. (392.) 
V. Subjunctive in Clauses used as Objects of Verbs 

565, 566. (498, 4990 

EXERCISE. 

I. The general charged^) them to cast down the earth- 
works. 2. Cicero chose Scipio to be a friend to himself. 3. 
It is a great advantage to you to add to your virtue knowledge. 
4. He opposed servitude to an enemy. 5. Themis tocles per- 
suaded the captain to keep( 2 ) the ship in the open sea in order 
that he might be safe. 6. Beware that ypu do not arouse a lion. 
7. Caesar had the name Imperator. 8. Cowardice is charged( 3 ) 
to anyone as( 4 ) a fault. 9. I have many friends. 10. The senate 
decreed that an embassador should( 5 ) be sent. 11. We must 
resist( 6 ) evil in order to preserve freedom in our land. 



24 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON XIV. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Genitive with Nouns .... 439. (395.) 
II. Attributive Genitive .... 440. (396.) 

III. Partitive Genitive .... 441-/]^/]. (397.) 
IV. Subjunctive in Clauses used as Objects of Verbs 

(continued) .... 567. (498, 499.) 

V. Clauses of Purpose. — Final Clauses . 568. (497,11.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. Embassadors came from the Morini to Caesar to plead^) 
their excuse. 2. .The triumph of good ought to be desired by all. 
3. The leading men of the state feared lest the Lacedaemonians 
and Athenians would declare war against( 2 ) them. 4. Their 
hatred of (toward) Themistocles caused him to flee to Admetus. 
5. By which of these should( 3 ) we be influenced, love of glory, 
or love of honor ? 6. The most valiant of the soldiers were fear- 
ing^) they would be defeated. 7. Most men( 5 ) obey nature 
for this reason, that they may be well. 8. The sagacity of 
Alcibiades was preventing him from being deceived. 9. One 
of( 6 ) the legions continued the march until late in the day. 10. 
A man of great valor does not fear to fight. 



Latin Prose Composition. 25- 

LESSON XV. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Predicate Genitive . . . 447. (401-403.) 

II. Predicate Genitive of Price and Value . 448. (404, 405.) 

III. Predicate Genitive with refert and interest . 449. (408.) 

IV. Genitive with Verbs . . 454, 455. (406, 407.)' 

V. Potential Subjunctive in Subordinate Clauses 

. . . . . 569. (500-502.) 

VI. Potential Subjunctive in Clauses of Result. — Con- 
secutive Clauses .... 570. (500-502.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. It is characteristic of a good general to be friendly to- 
his soldiers. 2. There are few who do not remember the kind- 
ness of friends. 3. How was the action of Pompey to the in- 
terest of Caesar? 4. Adversity is such that we cannot bear^} 
it alone( 2 ). 5. Friendship among the good has a bond so great 
that it can scarcely be described. 6. Children for the most 
part regard( 3 ) their parents very highly( 4 ). 7. It does not mat- 
ter how( 5 ) much( 5 ) wealth anyone has. 8. Few so forget in- 
juries that they never recall them again. 9. Do not past( 6 )- 
friendships often come to your recollection? 10. The recol- 
lection of past friendships is exceedingly delightful to all. 



-26 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON XVI. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Impersonal Verbs ? 302. (298-301.) 

II. Accusative and Genitive . . . 456. (409.) 

III. Genitive with Verbs of Feeling . 457. (406 I. . 409 III.) 

IV. Potential Subjunctive in Substantive Clauses 571. (501.) 
V. Indirect Discourse ..... 641. (522) 

VI. Moods in Principal Clauses. — Declarative Sentences 

642. (523 I.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. We, tooO often, must repent of unkind words. 2. He 
was fined a talent of silver. 3. It often happens that we are 
ashamed of our mistakes. 4. The evil effects of poverty cause 
us to pity the poor. 5. It is the privilege of all to be good. 
6. They say Atticus accused no one of bribery. 7. It was added 
that he complained of others' faults. 8. They relate that Caesar 
grieved over( 2 ) the death( 3 ) of Pompey. 9. It is characteristic 
of a wise man that he forgets injuries. 10. There are those( 4 ) 
who( 4 ) think we( 5 ) ought( 6 ) to allow injustice. 11. It is said 
that none but the good can know what happiness is. 12. Cicero 
says that not many ever form lasting friendships. 13. Would 
that all were lovers of the truth. 



Latin Prose Composition. 27 



LESSON XVII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Ablative of Separation . . 461, 462. (413, 414.) 

II. Ablative of Separation with Special Verbs 463-466. (414.) 

III. Ablative of Source . . . 467-470. (415.) 

IV. Indirect Discourse. — Moods in Principal Clauses. — In- 

terrogative and Imperative Sentences, 642. (523 II, III.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. We deprive ourselves of much happiness by discontent. 
2. Writers record that Xerxes made war upon Greece with the 
greatest armies in the memory of man. 3. Nature demands 
that we should be free from vice. 4. Caesar inquired why the 
Sequani alone complained of^) nothing. 5. The soldiers, desti- 
tute of defense, were dislodged from their position. 6. They 
reported that he was born of humble race. 7. He commanded 
that the lieutenant should( 2 ) construct a fortification of brush- 
wood. 8. Ariovistus inquired of Caesar why he should keep( 3 ) 
him out( 3 ) of his own country( 4 ), Gaul. 9. He commanded the 
seventh legion to relieve the wearied soldiers. 10. It is said that 
Rome, the capital of the world( 5 ), sat on seven hills. 



28 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON XVIII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Ablative of Association . . . 473, 474. (419.) 

II. Ablative of Cause .... 475. (416.) 

III. Ablative of Means . . . 476. (420, 421 III.) 

IV. Ablative of Price and Value . . . 478. (422.) 
V. Indirect Discourse. — Moods in Subordinate Clauses 

. 643, 644. (524, 525.) 
VI. Pronouns and Persons in Indirect Discourse . 645. (526.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. Most^) men are content with the crumbs from the King's 
table instead( 2 ) of( 2 ) the feast. 2. Caesar demanded that Ario- 
vistus restore the hostages which he had taken from the Aedui. 
3. Some one has said that what the gods bestow must not be re- 
jected by us. 4. Overcome by fear, he reported a false thing 
for( 2 ) a true one. 5. Relying on their own virtue, the Germans 
announced that they would contend whenever their enemy 
chose( 3 ). 6. A general of the highest( 4 ) worth was chosen who 
collected his forces in silence. 7. A good character cannot be 
bought with gold. 8. It has been rightly said we ought to 
value( 5 ) character more highly than possessions. 9. Caesar asked 
his legions why they did not trust their general who seldom lost 
a victory. 10. There are some who think that pleasure is to be 
sought( 6 ). 



Latin Prose Composition. 29 

LESSON XIX. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Ablative of Difference .... 479. (423.) 

II. Ablative of Specification . . . 480, 481. (424.) 

III. Ablative of Place . . . 483-485. (425-428.) 

IV. Conditional Sentences. — Indicative and Subjunctive 

^ • • • • • b • ;; 572, 573- (507.) 

V. Conditional Sentences in Indirect Discourse 

646-648. (527). 

EXERCISE. 

I. Caesar considered the tenth legion worthy the position of 
praetorian cohort because it had proven itself most valiant. 2. 
If we do^) wrongf^ 1 ) we must suffer the consequences. 3. It is 
understood that if we do wrong we must suffer the consequences. 
4. Aristides died about four years after( 2 ) Themistocles was 
banished from Athens. 5. It is thought that if you tempt him 
he may fall. 6. If we measured great men by( 3 ) their fortune 
we would undervalue worth( 4 ). 7. If he is brave to resist wrong 
he need not fall. 8. We know that if we measured great men 
by their fortune we would undervalue worth. 9. It is wonder- 
ful to relate. 10. Many stars are much larger than the earth. 
11. It is thought that if the ancients had had our privileges, 
they would( 5 ) have surpassed us. 



30 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON XX. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Ablative of Time . . . 486-488. (429, 430.) 

II. Ablative Absolute .... 489. (431.) 

III. Gerundives and Gerunds . . 621-624. (541-544.) 

IV. Uses of cases in Gerundive Construction and in Gerunds 

625-631. (541-544.) 

V. Supines 632-635. (545-547.) 

VI. Indirect Questions .... 649 II. (529.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. Alcibiades, after the Athenians were defeated, concealed 
himself. 2. In the time of Pericles, one had^) to be regarded learn- 
ed to be( 2 ) great. 3. He inquired why they have come to ask aid. 
4. Within a few years we all must die. 5. We know that by 
helping others we benefit ourselves. 6. These things achieved, 
and all Gaul subdued, on the following day he moved his army 
from that position. 7. In the year of the founding of the city 
Rome, much stratagem was practiced for securing( 3 ) inhabi- 
tants. 8. At day break, they set out to explore the swamps. 
9. It cannot be known how much good( 4 ) one good man can 
accomplish. 10. We wonder why some are desirous of choosing 
evil rather than good. 11. Most( 5 ) people know what great 
power of speaking Cicero( 6 ) had. 12. It is delightful to hear one 
endowed with the gift of oratory. 



PART II. 



Latin Prose Composition. 33 

LESSON I. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Prepositions . . . 312, 313. (307, 308.) 

II. Accusative with Prepositions . . 420. (433-) 

III. Ablative with Prepositions . . . 490. (434.) 

IV. Infinitives. . . . . 606-620. (532-540.) 

Note. — The principles of Indirect Discourse, of the Subjunctive, 
and the use of noun cases, as far as they have been treated in Part I, 
will be applied in the exercises of Part II. 

EXERCISE. 
I. Cicero may be called the greatest orator of his day^). 
2. Catiline to have conspired against his country having been 
found out, Cicero used his power of eloquence to overthrow the 
nefarious plans. 3. In( 2 ) the presence of( 2 ) the senate Cicero 
dared to assail Catiline. 4. They reported that Catiline did 
not hesitate to attempt to arouse his countrymen against the 
republic. 5. It was in( 3 ) the power( 3 ) of( 3 ) the consul to influence 
the senate. 6. The betrayal of one's own( 4 ) country is con- 
sidered by all to be a most base act. 7. They thought their plans 
to burn the city would not be disclosed. 8. Some( 5 ) do not de- 
sire to live for( 6 ) the good of others. 9. Without doubt the 
conspiracy of Catiline was threatening to bring destruction to the 
city. 10. They hoped that the conspiracy had not gained toof 7 ) 
great power outside the city walls. 11. He ought not to have 
thought he could conceal his plan. 



34 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON II. 

LESSON, FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Conjunctions . . . 314-316. (309-311.) 

II. Use of Coordinate Conjunctions . 657-661. (554, 555.) 

III. Gerundives and Gerunds . . 621-624. (541, 543.) 

IV. Use of Cases in the Gerundive Construction and in 

Gerunds .... 625-631. (542-544.) 

. EXERCISE. 

i. Cicero had warned Catiline, again and again, not to do 
harm to the republic. 2. Many live only for^) the sake^) 
of^) gaining favor or( 2 ) rather( 2 ) for their own interests. 3. 
Cicero had( 3 ) to risk unpopularity in denouncing Catiline, and 
yet he was brave for defending his country. 4. Unpopularity, 
opposition, hatred, — nothing could prevent him from attacking 
the conspirator. 5. We must( 3 ) not only dare to oppose wrong, 
but we must not hesitate even to risk( 4 ) our lives( 4 ). 6. The Man- 
lian camp was prepared for receiving Catiline as their general. 7. 
The senate aided rather than hindered the enemy's plans by not 
believing the truth. 8. The facts had to be proven by the con- 
sul; then the senate denounced Catiline. 9. We( 5 ) must( 5 ) al- 
ways be active in denouncing evil. 10. The senate was soon 
convinced of the treachery; therefore Cicero could denounce 
Catiline openly, therefore successfully. 11. How much evil( 6 ) 
can be done through the treachery of one man ! 



Latin Prose Composition. 35 

LESSON III. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Use of Adjectives . . . 492-499. (440-444.) 

II. Use of Adverbs . . ". 654-656. (551-553.) 

III. Supines 632-63 £ (545-547.) 

IV. Participles .... 636-640. (548-550.) 

Note. — The student should review Adjectives and Adverbs, as 
treated in Hark. Lat. Gram., before the study of this lesson. 

EXERCISE. 

I. The consul, having found out the plans, was too vigilant 
to be deceived. 2. He was employing the greatest ( 1 ) possible ( x ) 
means to persuade Catiline to change his purposes. 3. Cicero, 
desiring not to seem careless, nevertheless, was wishing to be 
merciful. 4. If wrong rules it is not( 2 ) so very( 2 ) easy( 2 ) 
to oppose it. 5. When the plan was fully ( 3 ) known ( 3 ), Cicero 
called the senate together. 6. Cicero, undertaking the leader- 
ship in denouncing Catiline, gladly ( 4 ) came before ( 5 ) the sen- 
ate to secure their aid. 7. Everything had to be acknowledged 
by the conspirators in( 6 ) the end( 6 ). 8. It was almost incred- 
ible to relate how they collected their forces to burn( 7 ) the city. 
9. Catiline came to the assembly to defend himself. 10. Sit- 
ting quietly near, he was able to utter not( 8 ) a word( 8 ) of re- 
monstrance. 11. It was known that the senate had come to the 
assembly to hear the defense of Catiline. 12. Seeing ( 9 ) much 
proof against him he was overpowered. 



36 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON IV. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Use of Pronouns . . # . . 500-509. (446-452.) 

II. Volitive Subjunctive in Substantive Clauses . 564. (497.) 

III. Subjunctive in Clauses Used as Objects of Verbs 

565-567. (498,499.) 

IV. Volitive Subjunctive in Clauses of Purpose 

568. (497 n.) 

Note. — The student is advised to review the declensions of Pro- 
nouns. 

EXERCISE. 

I. Let us never lose an opportunity to free ourselves from 
vice( 1 ). 2. The love of one's country itself ought to influence 
us from opposing its best interests. 3. I urge you to dispel 
that madness of yours ( 2 ). 4. Take care to be mindful of these 
interests of your own countrymen and forgetful of those vicious 
plans of yours ( 2 ). 5. We do not fear that either Catiline or 
his followers will( 3 ) overpower ( 3 ) us. 6. It is not dangerous 
to meet the impudence of the former, nor are we in fear that 
the weakness of the latter can overpower us. 7. We are they 
who are attempting to prevent him from destroying our city. 
8. The immortal gods themselves have decreed ( 4 ) that the city 
should not be destroyed. 9. Is there not much danger that the 
same power of the gods will overthrow you? 10. They feared 
lest the gods might not be propitious. 



Latin Prose Composition. 37 

LESSON V. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Use of Pronouns (continued) . . 510-516. (453-459.) 
II. Potential Subjunctive in Subordinate Clauses 

569- (500-502.) 

III. Potential Subjunctive in Clauses of Result. — 

Consecutive Clauses . . 570. (500-502.) 

IV. Potential Subjunctive in Substantive Clauses 

57i. (50i.) 

Note. — See note in Lesson IV. 

EXERCISE. 

1. Wherefore let him so separate himself from the good that 
he can never pollute the republic again. 2. What of the fact 
that Jupiter will^) overthrow ( x ) the enemies of the republic? 
3. The most dangerous enemy we had ever seen caused the whole 
republic to shake. 4. No one besides of the present ( 2 ) gener- 
ation ( 2 ) has been so wicked that he would injure his native 
land( 3 ). 5. So far was it from the truth that Catiline intended 
to go to Marseilles, that he was seen to depart to the Manlian 
camp. 6. The result is that at the earliest possible ( 4 ) oppor- 
tunity we shall overcome his band of profligates. 7. Some( 5 ) 
think one thing, some( 5 ) another. 8. It happened that many of 
the band of conspirators were remaining in the city. 9. Who, 
pray, but(°) the brave would dare oppose the wrong? 10. May 
it happen that all will be brave, and true to their country. 



38 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON VI. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Genitive with Special Constructions . 445,446. (398.) 
II. Moods in Conditional Sentences, Indicative and 

Subjunctive . . 572, 573- (506,507.) 

III. Conditional Sentences, Classes I, II, III 

• _ 574-579- (508-510.) 

IV. Deviations from the Regular Form 

580-583. (511,512.) 

EXERCISE. 

I. If Cicero's army of well armed troops is in number ( x ) 
equal to the troops of profligates, he will ( 2 ) surely conquer ( 2 ). 
2. The injuries of Catiline to the people of Rome are such( 3 ) 
as( 3 ) must not be endured. 3. If you, O Conscript Fathers, 
would compare the troops of Catiline with ours, you would not 
fear that we would be defeated. 4. If he had approached the 
temples the immortal gods would not have suffered their abodes 
to be molested. 5. Law can accomplish little unless there is 
power to enforce it. 6. If Cicero could not conquer Catiline 
himself, he at least could thwart his plan for destroying ( 4 ) the 
republic. 7. Catiline would have been killed perhaps had he not 
fled from the city. 8. If evil resists the good, the power of 
right must assert itself. 9. Some would rail at the evil rather 
than fight for( 5 ) the good. 10. Some fled in one direction ( 6 ), 
some, in another. 11. There are some who would even defend 
the evil. 



Latin Prose Composition. 39 

LESSON VII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Genitive with Special Verbs . . . 458. (410, V.) 
II. Conditional Clauses of Comparison . 584. (513, II.) 

III. Conditional Adversative Clauses . . 585. (515, II.) 

IV. • Moods in Adversative and Concessive Clauses 

586. (515.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. Although we are often in need of wisdom, nevertheless, 
we must use the powers we possess. 2. The senate decreed 
that we should gain possession of the Manlian camp. 3. Al- 
though truth may be undervalued, yet it will at last conquer. 
4. Even if Cicero ( 1 ) did need( 2 ) to meet unpopularity, yet he 
chose to protect the homes of his countrymen. 5. Although there 
was proof against Catiline, some refused to listen to evidence 
brought forth. 6. Men are often as destitute of wisdom ( 3 ), 
as if they had no source from which to obtain it. 7. Guard your 
homes, my countrymen, just as if the enemy were still in the 
city. 8. As you may become master ( 4 ) of your own abilities, so 
will you attain to your highest worth. 9. Let the followers of 
Catiline be such as he himself is, an enemy in an open warfare. 
10. Although they may be enemies in an open warfare, yet 
that is preferable to hidden treachery. 



40 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON VIII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Predicate Genitive with refert and interest 

• - 449- (4o6,III.) 

II. Moods with dum, modo, dummodo . 587. (513,1.) 
III. Moods with, quod, quia, quoniam and quando 

588. ( 5 i6.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. That especially concerns the republic which threatens its 
overthrow. 2. Catiline ( x ) has six classes of followers yet re- 
maining in the city, who are not to be feared since they are 
deprived of their leader. 3. This school of Catiline will( 2 ) how- 
ever still continue ( 2 ) to trouble the state, provided they are not 
cured of their madness. 4. If only we preserve our youth from 
pollution, let us array ourselves against their splendid troops of 
profligates. 5. To overthrow the evil in the land concerns our 
youth in( 3 ) that( 3 ) all are subject to its influence. 6. My lenity 
is extended to them because ( 4 ) they have promised to be obedient 
to laws. 7. Provided they do not become troublesome, let us 
try to cure them of their folly. 8. Since the founders of Rome 
have built the city for the sake( 5 ) pf freedom, we ought to 
preserve these rights. 9. If only it is permitted us, O Romans, 
we promise that this internal war shall be closed in a peaceful 
way. 10. We called you together ( 6 ) because we had much to 
tell you. 



Latin Prose Composition. -41 

LESSON IX. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Indicative and Subjunctive in Relative Clauses 

589-593- (497, 1 ; 5oo, I ; 503, 517.) 
II. Indirect Discourse. — Indirect Clauses 

649-653- (529-53I-) 

• EXERCISE. 

i. Protect your homes and your most beautiful city, al- 
though they have been preserved from harm. 2. There is no- 
one of( 1 ) you( 1 ) but( 2 ) thinks Catiline a man unworthy to be 
trusted. 3. There is no reason why all should not live upright 
lives. 4. There is reason why we should care for those things 
which concern the republic. 5. O happy republic, in being 
freed( 3 ) from so vicious an enemy! 6. Who of( 1 ) you( 1 ) does 
not know( 4 ) what an enemy he is, who has contrived such a con- 
spiracy? 7. As far as it may aid, I shall summon the captured 
ones themselves to tell ( 5 ) us what were the plans of Catiline. 
8. There was none who hesitated to tell how Catiline used 
him as an accomplice. 9. It was difficult to tell whether fear 
influenced them, or whether Cicero was too bold to be resisted. 
10. Cicero was desiring to know( 6 ) whether or not Lentulus 
recognized the seal. 11. It was a well known seal to all the 
senators, and finally he had to acknowledge it. 12. There are 
some( 7 ) who( 7 ) think they will be able to conceal their faults 
from others. 13. It is wonderful to relate. 



42 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON X. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Moods with qui) i . . . 594"596. (504, 505.) 
II. Subjunctive with cum in Causal and Concessive 

Clauses . . . 598, 599. (515, III; 517.) 
III. Conditional Sentences in Indirect Discourse 

646-^8. (527.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. We cannot doubt that divine ( 1 ) help is sent to relieve the 
oppressed ( 2 ). 2. He assured him that if he would speak boldly, 
he should have( 3 ) the protection of the state. 3. Lentulus did 
not refuse to recognize the well known seal. 4. They could 
not but confess that the statements were true, since they were 
so clear ( 4 ). 5. It is thought that if Cicero had not produced 
such certain proofs, both by letter and by their own confession, 
the senate would not have been so easily convinced. 6. I knew, 
O Romans, there was no reason why I should fear, if Catiline 
were removed. 7. I understand that I, if I am your consul, 
must ever protect my countrymen from injury. 8. Since these 
things have been accomplished by me by the help of the im- 
mortal gods, let us celebrate the days in which we have been 
preserved. 9. Since, in truth, Jupiter has thus favored us, there 
is no one but( 5 ) thinks ( 6 ) a greater statue of him should be 
erected. 10. It is difficult to say what would ( 7 ) have happened, 
Tiad the gods not favored us. 



Latin Prose Composition. 43 

LESSON XL 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Moods in Temporal Clauses with cum 600,601. (521.) 
II. Temporal Clauses with postquam, ubi, ut } etc., 

. . . . * . . . 602. (518.) 

III. Temporal Clauses with dum, donee, quoad 

- 603,604. (519.) 

IV. Temporal Clauses with antequam and priusquam 

605. (520.) 

EXERCISE. 

I. The accomplices of Catiline did not refuse to acknowledge 
the plot, and even then he continued to practice treachery. 2. 
The people remembered that much displeasure was manifested 
by the gods, when the affairs of state had not been carried on 
according to their will^). 3. As long as the gods are for( 2 ) 
us, who can be against us? 4. The plans of Catiline had been 
thwarted before he knew how it had happened. 5. He had 
proposed to wait in camp until all was arranged for burning the 
city. 6. As soon as he saw his conspiracy laid open, he was 
compelled to acknowledge he was an enemy to the republic. 7. 
When we came to need, we then realized the worth of true 
friendship. 8. It is often wondered why we so willingly ( 3 ) 
forget our good fortune in having lived in a free country. 9. 
Would that we might remember its benefits until we learn how 
to value our country more highly ( 4 ). 10. You would think that 
no one would be a tractor, but( 5 ) rather ( 5 ) that all would be pa- 
triotic in so great a republic as ours. 



PART III. 



Latin Prose Composition. 4T 

LESSON L 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Distinction Between Relative and Absolute Time, 542 ( 1 ). 

II. Sequence of Tense . . . 543-550. (491-496.) 
III. Clauses of Result. (For references, see Result in Gen- 
eral Index to Hark. Lat. Gram.) 

EXERCISE. 

1. No one is so barbarous that he worships nothing, for( 1 ) 
man is a dependent being, and recognizes a power higher ( 2 ) 
than himself. 2. We are by nature such as not readily to lay 
aside an old belief for a new one. 3. So far is it from the truth 
that religion always elevates man( 3 ) that in many nations it is 
the source of demoralization. 4. From which it happens that 
the education of a people who follow a false religion is for the 
most part hindered. 5. The learning of the ancient Grecians 
and Romans, however, was so great that we would almost be- 
lieve their culture had not been hindered at( 4 ) all( 4 ) by their 
manner of worship. 6. They reached such a state of civiliza- 
tion and learning as( 5 ) would be an honor to any nation. 7. 
The writers of the Augustan age produced such literature as( 5 ) 
to show the highest development of the Latin language. 8. C. 
Sallustius Crispus shows us how corruption in politics was ruin- 
ing a nation's welfare. 9. His merits as a writer were so great 
that Tacitus called him a most successful historian. 

1. No corresponding reference in the 1881 edition of Hark. Lat. 
Gram. 



48 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON II. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

Clauses of Purpose. (For references, see Purpose in Gen- 
eral Index to Hark. Lat. Gram.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. The difficulty in writing a history prevents the narrator 
from obtaining a glory equal to the performer of the illustrious 
deeds. 2. Both in peace and in war many spend their lives to 
gain celebrity. 3. But he alone seems to me to enjoy life who 
sets out to seek^) celebrity from some ennobling enterprise( 2 ). 
.4. Like most Roman youths( 3 ) he was led by inclination to engage 
in political affairs. 5. Lack of ambition in this( 4 ) hindered him 
from obtaining such a reputation as he might have obtained. 6. 
Men are usually too eager for praise to desire to live in obscurity. 
7. Take care lest, the vigor of the mind destroyed by indolence, 
you impute your delinquency to circumstances. 8. You ought not 
to be governed by circumstances that you may thus become less 
responsible for your actions. 9. We fear that he does not have 
as great regard for that which is worthy as he seems to have 
for that which can benefit no one. 10. They came to urge them 
not to, pursue that which would in( 5 ) no( 5 ) way( 5 ) be an aid 
to their best interests. 11. Small virtues require the praise of 
man to sustain them.. 



Latin Prose Composition,* 49 

LESSON III. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

Relative Clauses. (For references, see Relative Clauses in 
General Index to Hark. Lat. Gram.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. Epaminondas was such a lover of truth as not to tell a 
falsehood even in jest. 2. As far as I know there are none who 
would be willing^) to be called lovers of falsehood rather than 
of truth. 3. The most competent are always chosen to perform 
that which especially concerns the welfare of a nation. 4. He 
sought that place in the estimation of the people from which he 
might obtain the administration of public affairs. 5. There are 
some who desire to cultivate the mind ; then( 2 ) there are others, 
the mind neglected, who pursue the chances of fortune. 6. The 
mind is the one thing which rules the life of man and ought to be 
judged worthy to be cultivated. 7. He is thought most suitable 
to perform affairs of importance who so lives that he may be 
trusted. 8. O power of intellect in having accomplished so 
much, though hindered by neglect ( 3 ) ! 9. I have no reason ( 4 ) 
to complain of my fortune. 10. The one( 5 ) was too weak to be 
feared; the boldness of the other( 5 ) was not too strong to be 
overcome. 11. Sallust was too careless in recording particular 
events to be free from defects as a historian. 



50 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON IV. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Genitive in Special Constructions . 445, 446. (398.) 
II. Genitive with Special Verbs . . 458. (410, V.) 

HI. Quin 594-596. (504, 505) 

IV. Causal and Concessive Clauses 

586-588, 598, 599. (513, I, 515, 516, 517.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. Although nothing in man may be greater than mind,, 
yet it is so often neglected or ruined by luxury and indolence. 
2. Since these things are so, take care that you use every oppor- 
tunity to improve your intellect. 3. Few are equal to Cicero 
in oratory^) or to Cassar in generalship^), yet many surpass them 
in nobility^) of spirit. 4. At that time none refused to deny the 
charge( 2 ) which on the day before all were denying. 5. Even 
if we are sometimes troubled in spirit, yet we do not doubt that 
fortune will soon favor us( 3 ). 6. It is not a pleasant duty to rule 
by force, although the opportunity and ability may be ours. 7. 
Since the images of illustrious men could arouse such as Publius 
Scipio and Quintus Maximus to more noble achievements, how 
much more ought the lives of the good, whom we see, influence 
us. 8. There is no one who would not confess that the weak 
nature of man is in need of wisdom( 4 ). 9. Do not ( 5 ) cease to 
strive that you may overcome your weak nature lest it may over- 
come you. 10. The actions of the Athenians are celebrated 
throughout ( 6 ) the world. 



Latin Prose Composition. 51 

LESSON V. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

Temporal Clauses .... 600-605. (518-521.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. When any one speaks of the great virtue and glory of great 
men, there are those who hear only^) what they think easy to 
be performed. 2. When the narrator was thought not( 2 ) to nar- 
rate the truth at( 2 ) all( 2 ), his hearers regarded him unworthy to 
be heard. 3. But when the truth, since it may have been beyond 
his conception, was spoken, he regarded it fictitious( 3 ) and in- 
credible^). 4. A strong desire of seizing the government hav- 
ing possessed( 4 ) him, Catiline, as long as he had opportunity, 
resisted all opposition. 5. When the state showed itself flour- 
ishing and powerful, envy, as generally happens in human af- 
fairs, was the consequence of its prosperity. 6. May they keep 
envy at a distance until all will regard the rights of others equal 
to their own. 7. But when liberty was secured one could scarcely 
believe how much the state strengthened itself in so short a time. 
8. After fortune had begun( 5 ) to exercise her tyranny in Rome, 
the love of money, then( 6 ) that of power, began to prevail. 9. 
Would that we might overcome our faults before our faults over- 
come us. 10. When wealth was considered an honor, and glory, 
authority, virtue lost her influence, and poverty was thought a 
disgrace. 



52 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON VI. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Ablative of Means .... 476. (421,111.) 
II. Ablative with opus and iisiis . . 477, III. (414, IV.) 
III. Questions. (For references, see Questions in General 
Index to Hark. Lat. Gram. 

EXERCISE. 

1. Relying on his own wisdom he refused to take^) the ad- 
vice of others. 2. Since integrity and honor no longer ruled, 
what could be done to preserve the country from( 2 ) falling? 3. 
Who doubts that they who are wanting( 3 ) a good character are 
greatly in need of wisdom? 4. They replied that they satisfied 
themselves( 4 ) ; why should they wish to satisfy others( 4 ) ? 5. 
Ought we strive to please ourselves, or ought we rather so live 
that we may benefit mankind? 6. We do not need to ask 
whether or not a life of usefulness is preferable. 7. I am in- 
clined to think we ought to trust the stability of wisdom. 8. 
Is it asked what can wisdom do as long as ignorance and wick- 
edness are considered worthy to be prevalent? 9. Is it not neces- 
sary to inquire why some, endowed with great talent, pursue 
occupations unworthy their qualifications ? 10. We cannot know 
what( 5 ) the motivef 5 ) is( 5 ) which influences many to live a life 
of indolence. 11. Silver and gold, we know not whether in favor 
or anger, were denied to the early( 6 ) Germans. 



Latin Prose Composition. 53 

LESSON VII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

Conditional Sentences. (For references, see Conditional 
Sentences in General Index to Hark. Lat. Gram.) 

EXERCISE. 

I. Why should the historian mention those displays of ex- 
travagance, if none would believe the statement except those who 
had seen them? 2. It is said that if success disturb the princi- 
ples even of the wise, those with depraved habits would scarcely 
use victory with moderation. 3. If time were allowed, I could 
mention places where Romans with a small body of menQ 
routed vast armies. 4. It is said that human affairs would be 
more orderly and settled if the ability of magistrates were exerted 
to the same degree in peace( 2 ) as in war( 2 ). 5. The precepts of 
oratory practiced by Cicero would have been insufficient to pro- 
duce the full power of eloquence, unless there had been united to 
it a certain( 3 ) efficient readiness. 6. Some one has said that the 
language of the Romans would never have become forcible and 
energetic, unless it had acquired strength from practice in writ- 
ing. 7. Some speeches, when read, benefit us as much as if we 
had heard them. 8. Even if Thucydides and Heroditus must be 
preferred before all other writers of history, we know that super- 
iority is not allowed( 4 ) to them. 9. Some would( 5 ) think Roman 
historians superior. 



54 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON VIII. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Synesis. (For references, see Synesis in General Index 
to Hark. Lat. Gram.) 
II. Proper Names . . . 353, 354. (331, 649.) 

III. Prolepsis, or Anticipation . . . 493. (440, 2.) 

IV. Asyndeton 657,6. (636,1.) 

EXERCISE. 

I. Cicero embodied in his style of writing the copiousness 
of Plato, the energy of Demosthenes, the sweetness of Isocrates. 
2. Elegance of diction, great force, perspicuity, — all were char- 
acteristic of Cicero ; let the student of oratory imitate him in 
this^). 3. The Ciceronian age has( 2 ) produced( 2 ) and handed 
down to posterity some of the greatest thoughts. 4. Who doubts 
that the Athenians were eminent in learning? 5. Some attempt 
one thing, some another, to gain celebrity. 6. The multitude 
were dispersed as soon as it was known what caused the disturb- 
ance. 7. I (pi.), alone, being your leader, by the aid of the 
immortal gods, so great an enemy has been overcome. 8. The 
victories of Scipio in the Carthaginian war were such that he 
had( 3 ) the name Africanus, given him by the Roman people. 9. 
Sulla, when he saw the spirit of Caesar, declared that there were 
many Marius' in that youth. 10. Of evils, some can be avoided, 
others must( 4 ) be met. 11. We acquire a knowledge of the an- 
cients from their writings almost as if we had known them in 
person( 5 ). 



Latin Prose Composition. 55 

LESSON IX. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

I. Roman Calendar . . . 754"756. (641-645.) 

II. Roman Money .... 757. (646, 647.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. There are some^) who^) say that the election will be 
held on the tenth of April. 2. The father of our country, than 
whom few have been greater, was born on the twenty-second 
of February. 3. The liberator of the slaves, who is worthy our 
highest regard ( 2 ), was born on the twelfth of February. 4. 
When asked what death he would consider preferable to any 
other, Caesar replied that he preferred a sudden death. 5. 
Caesar, than whom few have been greater generals or statesmen, 
fell, pierced by twenty-three wounds, on the fifteenth of March. 
6. Two million sesterces were required to make the necessary 
improvements. 7. It is said that Caius, the freedman of Brutus 
left more than fifteen thousand sesterces. 8. He was given 
twenty-two thousand sesterces as a present on the eighth of 
Novmber. 9. Nero, unworthy in many respects( 3 ) to be followed 
as an example, was born on the fifteenth of October. 10. There 
is no reason( 4 ) to deny that the elections held on the tenth and 
-eleventh of July greatly concerned the republic. 11. Since all 
must( 5 ) die, would that all might die the death( 6 ) of the upright. 



56 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON X. 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

Poetical Uses of Cases. (For references, see Poetical Uses 
of Cases in General Index to Hark. Lat. Gram.) 

EXERCISE. 

i. The Trojans, having advanced to an unknown shore, 
strange sights met their view. 2. No one denies that the adven- 
tures of Aeneas, goddess-born, which have been related by Vir- 
gil, form a most interesting story. 3. The goddess bade her 
son gird on his armor and be ready to meet the conflict with 
the Greeks. 4. Turning away, the .warning given, she ascended 
to heaven^) screened by dim clouds from Aeneas pursuing. 5. 
The unhappy queen, having prolonged the feast till late in the 
day, entreated her guest to relate the adventures of his friends 
and his own wanderings. 6. The god of Love, flying from the 
celestial abodes, assumed such( 2 ) an appearance as( 2 ) might be 
mistaken( 3 ) for the son of Aeneas. 7. Their strength overpowered 
by the gods, the warriors feared that they could not resist the 
power of gods and of men. 8. Because the voice was too musical 
to be( 4 ) human, and the step more like the gods( 5 ) than men, 
she stood confessed a goddess. 9. Distinguished for( 6 ) his power 
of song, Orpheus caused even the Furies to weep when he 
descended to Orcus. 10. It was more agreeable to the gods to 
hear( 7 ) the song of Orpheus than of any other bard. 



Latin Prose Composition. 57 

LESSON XL 

LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR. 

Figures of Speech . .' . .751, 752. (634-637.) 

EXERCISE. 

I. None knew certainly whether or not Romulus had as- 
cended to (the abodes of) the gods. 2. The mind, when it follows 
the path of true merit, is sufficiently powerful, efficient, and 
worthy of honor ( 1 ). 3. Learning adorns the mind like beauty, 
the face. 4. Literature is a garden and readers are its visitors. 
5. The crime of the old man, for which he was imprisoned( 2 ), 
was worse than murder ; — he was poor. 6. O, Death, why 
should man fear thee if the soul cannot be held in thy embrace?' 
7. The turbulent deep tossed up( 3 ) waves mountain( 4 ) high as if 
some power of evil had possessed it( 5 ). 8. Force and right rule 
the world ; forte, 'till right is ready. 9. The sails seemed to 
glide more silently over the waters than the birds that followed 
their course. 10. Poverty, though it may disturb the tranquillity 
of one's life, often enriches( 6 ) the soul. 11. Kind hearts are gar- 
dens, kind words are flowers, kind deeds are fruits. 12. The elo- 
quence of Demosthenes is like a rapid torrent; that of Cicero 
glides along( 7 ) with majestic tranquillity. 13. O Cicero, would 
that many were endowed with a gift like yours. 



58 Latin Prose Composition. 

LESSON XII. 

RHETORICAL FIGURES. 

I. Commutation or Commutatio consists in the conversion 
of a proposition. 

II. Correction or Correctio represents the correction of an 
expression previously made. 

III. Doubling or Geminatio represents the doubling of an 
emphatic word. 

IV. Gradation or Gradatio represents the mounting up 
from one word to another, by repeating the preceding word. 

V. Polysyndeton represents the use of many conjunctions. 
VI. Repetition or Repetitio consists in beginning several 
clauses or members of a sentence with the same word. 

VI L Traduction or Traductio represents the intentional re- 
currence of a word in two or more clauses. 

Note. — These are some of the Rhetorical Figures 'most used among 
Classical authors, the study of which will be quite useful to the 
•Classical student. 

EXERCISE. 

I. (Traductio.) Let us regard the majestic mountains the 
majestic thoughts of a majestic God. 2. (Repetitio.) Friendship 
is the delight of youth; friendship is the strength of middle- 
life; friendship is the solace of old age. 3. (Gradatio.) Learn- 
ing gave him wisdom; wisdom brought him happiness; hap- 



Latin Prose Composition. 59 

piness made him contented. 4. ( Commutatio. ) Your friendship 
is not sought because utility is gained, but utility is gained be- 
cause your friendship is sought. 5. (Geminatio.) Wisdom, 
wisdom, I say, is alone worthy to be sought. 6. (Polysyndeton.) 
For wisdom both scorns ignorance, and invites learning, and 
welcomes goodness, and makes beautiful the character. 7. (Cor- 
rection.) Friendship delights me. — Shall I not say more? It 
strengthens me in adversity, it comforts me in grief. 8. And yet 
evil prevails. — Does it prevail? Rather it seems sometimes to 
have authority over public affairs. 9. Learning, learning, why 
will men not seek learning since it adorns the mind? 10. The 
action of Cicero brought him unpopularity; unpopularity pro- 
duced hatred; hatred caused his destruction. 



SUGGESTIVE NOTES. 



PART I. 



Lesson I — I. = by means of warfare. 2 = narration. 3. 
= celebrated. 4. Nex, a violent death. 5. Et tamen, and yet. 
6. Reddo. 

Lesson II — 1. Amoveo, move away. 2. Use plural of av- 
arice. 3. = fortunes. 4. Abl. of means. 5. Nocens. What gen- 
der, and why? 6. = from. 7. Sponte. 8. = offered. 

Lesson III — 1. What case, and why? 2. Note the con- 
struction. 3. Summits (adj.). 4. Abl. of means. 5. = he first 
leaped. Omit "was" and "who." 6. = we commit error. 7. Use 
adjective. 

Lesson IV — 1. Multo. 2. = besides. 3. Res magnae, or 
ardua opera. 4. Mnltus. 5. What case, and why? 

Lesson V — 1. = seeking. 2. Vita otiosa. 3. Use perf. 
part. 4. Notandus. 5. What construction? 6. Pro fidem. 7. 
What construction? 

Lesson VI — 1. — Talis — qualis. 2. Enclitic -nam. 3. 
=wishes. Expressed by volo. 4. = who not. 5. = arise. 6. 
= is able. 



Latin Prose Composition. 61 

Lesson VII — i. Perf. part, of caveo. 2. Act. periphras- 
tic. 3. Suus. 4. Perf. part. 5. Sign of pass, periphrastic. 6. 
3= use as much as possible, quam plurimum utor. 7. Use abl. 
case. Why ? 

Lesson VIII — 1. = be unwilling to, etc. Nolite. 2. What 
case, and why? 3. Impers. use of pass, periphrastic. 4. simul 
ac. 5. Sign of pass, periphrastic. 6. = wishes to be. 

Lesson IX — 1. Use proprins. 2. ex, = from. 3. = changed. 

4. Dat. case. Why? 5. = partake. 6. Pro. 

Lesson X — 1. = itself, ipse. 2. Quod or id quod, = that 
which. 3. What construction? 4. = inhabitants or citizens. 

5. Concealed from his soldiers, etc. 6. How expressed? 

Lesson XI — 1. = a happy life. 2. What case, and why? 
3. Expressed by ne. 4. = commit the same error. 5. == ad- 
vanced. Use aggredior. 6. What subjunctive is used? 

Lesson XII — i. Necesse est. 2. = because of them. 3. 
Sunt. 4. = concerning. 5. Volo potiiis or malo. 6. Speak evil 
concerning his neighbor. 

Lesson XIII — 1. = order. 2. = hold, 3. Assigno. 4. 
Tanqnam. 5. = ought. 6. Impers. use of pass, periphrastic. 

Lesson XIV — 1. Use ago. 2. Included in the verb. . 3. 
= ought. 4. Use pertimesco. 5. = most people, or men for the 
most part. 6. = from. 

Lesson XV — 1. = endure. 2. Use per nos, = through our- 
selves. 3. Deligo. 4. Use superl. of magnus. What case and 



62 Latin Prose Composition. 

why?~ 5. Quantum, or quam multum; followed by what case, 
and why? 6. = former. 

Lesson XVI — 1. Expressed by comp. degree. 2.= 
concerning. 3. Obitits. 4. Sunt qui. 5. What construction? 
6. Expressed by pass, periphrastic. 

Lesson XVII — 1. Included in verb. 2. Sign of pass, peri- 
phrastic. 3. = prohibit. 4. Use ager. 5. Orbis terrarum. 

Lesson XVIII — 1. See note 5, Lesson XIV. 2. Pro. 3. 
= desire. 4. = greatest. 5. = to hold character at a higher 
value, etc. 6. Pass, periphrastic. 

Lesson XIX — 1. See note 6, Lesson III. 2. Postquam. 
3. = according to. 4. Praestantia, 5. Note the idea expressed. 

Lesson XX — 1. See note 5, Lesson VIII. 2. = in order 
that he mfght be. 3. = obtaining. 4. What construction? 5. 
= for the most part. 6. What two constructions may be used ? 



PART II. 



Lesson I — 1. = age or time. 2. Coram. 3. Expressed 
by cum. 4. Proprius. 5. Sunt qui. 6. = in behalf of. 7. Ex- 
pressed by comp. degree of adj. 

Lesson II — 1. Causa. 2. Vel ut verius dicam. 3. Sign 
of pass, periphrastic. 4. = commit ourselves to the danger of 
death. 5. It is necessary for us to be, etc. 6. What construction ? 



Latin Prose Composition. 63- 

Lesson III — i. Use proper form of quant maximus. 2. 
= by no means easy. 3. Use proper form of omnino notus, or 
satis constat. 4. Use adj. 5. = in the presence of (adv.). 
6. = finally. 7. = about to burn. 8. = no word. 9. = per- 
ceiving. 

Lesson IV — 1. What construction? 2. To be included 
in "that" and "those." 3. Expressed by act. periphrastic. 4. 
Statuo. 

Lesson V — 1. = will be about to, etc. 2. = men of 
this age. 3. What construction? 4. Quam with the superl. de- 
gree. 5. Use alii. 6. = except. 

Lesson VI — 1. What construction? 2. Use act. periphras- 
tic. 3. Talis — qualis. 4. Gerund, or gerundive construction, 
which? 5. = in behalf of. 6. Pars. 

Lesson VII — 1. What construction? 2. Use opus. 3. 
What construction ? 4. Potior. What construction follows ? 

Lesson VIII — 1. Dat. case. 2. Form of act. periphrastic. 
3. = because. 4. = on alleged ground that, etc. 5. Abl. of cause. 
6. Included in the verb. 

Lesson IX — 1. What two constructions are admissible? 2. 
== who not. 3. Libero. 4. = perceive. 5. What idea expressed 
in this inf. ? 6. = to find out. 7. How expressed ? 

Lesson X — 1. = from the gods. 2. Use the part, as 
subst. 3. = receive. 4. = manifest. 5. What idea expressed? 



64 Latin Prose Composition. 

6. = believes. 7. Note the future idea expressed. How do 
3^ou express it? 

Lesson XI — 1. Use nittus. 2. = in behalf of. 3. In 
what two ways may this be expressed? 4. Use gen. of price or 
value with magnus. 5. Quin potius. 



PART III. 

Lesson I — 1. = because. 2. = greater. 3. = mankind. 

4. What case used, and w T hy? 5. How is "as" used following 
"such" ? 

Lesson II — 1. = about to seek. 2. What abl. to be used? 
3. What case, and why? 4. Notice the idea expressed. 5. In 
how many ways may this be expressed? 

Lesson III — 1. Expressed by volo. 2. = and again. 3. 
What construction? 4. Note the different ways to express this. 

5. Alter — alter. 

Lesson IV — 1. What case, and why? 2. Ace. case. 3. 
What construction? 4. Notice the construction to be used. 5. 
= be unwilling to, etc. 6. = through {per). 

Lesson V — 1. Used as adj. 2. What case, and why? 
3. Notice the construction. 4. = gain possession of. What case 
of "him"? 5. = had made a beginning of exercising, etc. 6. 
= and again. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



65 



Lesson VI — i. What subjunctive is to be used? 2. Use 
quominus; followed by what subjunctive? 3. = in need of. 4. 
What case, and why? 5. = what moves anyone, etc. 6. = an- 
cient. 

Lesson VII — 1. = soldiers. 2. What construction. 3. 
= peculiar (proprius) . 4. = granted. 5. Express in two ways. 

Lesson VIII — 1. Notice the construction. 2. Use perf. 
part, of verb. 3. Be able to express this in two ways. 4. Use 
impers. use of pass, periphrastic. 5. = personally. 

Lesson IX — 1. Sunt qui. 2. = respect. 3. Abl. of spec- 
ification. 4. How many ways to express this? 5. Use impers. 
use of pass, periphrastic. 6. What construction? 

Lesson X — 1. =± abode of the gods. 2. How best ex- 
pressed? 3. = might be thought to be, etc. 4. What mood is 
to be used? 5. = like that of the gods. 6. = on account of. 
7. What form of the verb used and why? 

Lesson XI — 1. What case, and why? 2. = cast into 
prison. 3. Included in the verb. 4. = like a mountain. 5. What 
construction? 6. = makes rich. 7. Included in the verb. 



66 Latin Prose Composition. 

TABLE 

FOR SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE LATIN VERB. 

Note. — This table has been formed according to Comparative View 
of Conjugations in Harkness Latin Grammar, 218-222. 

The foundation systems, or stems, of any Latin Verb, 
whether regular or irregular, may be found from the principal 
parts, as follows : 

Present Stem. 

First conj am. (am o, are. am or, ari. ) 

Second conj mon. (mon eo, ere. mon eor, eri.) 

Third conj reg. (reg o, ere. reg or, I.) 

Fourth conj and. (and io, Ire. and ior, iri.) 

Perfect Stem. Supine Stem. 

First conj amav. (amav i.) - amdt. (amdt um.) 

Second conj monu. (monu i.) monit, (mo nit um.) 

Third conj rex. (rexi.) rect. (red um.) 

Fourth conj audiv. (audiv i.) audit. (audit um.). 

The Supine Stem may be also called the Participial Stem. 
The personal endings of the tenses have already been acquired 
by the student from familiarity with the Four Regular Conju- 
gations. The application of any Latin verb to this table will be 
found to be very easy, and most useful in mastering difficult 
forms. It is advised to commit the table. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



67 





PRESENT STEM. 


PERFECT STEM. 


SUPINE OR 
PARTICIPIAL STEM. 




f Present Tense. 


r Perfect Tense. 






^ -j Imperfect Tense. 


'S < 


Pluperfect Tense. 






*-*, ( Future Tense. 


£ 1 

HH 


Future Perfect 






'J5*. ( Present Tense. 
^ ( Imperfect Tense. 




Tense. 




o 
> 


^ f Perfect Tense. 
^ ( Pluperfect Tense. 




d | Present Tense. 
S 1 Future Tense. 




> 




% j Future. 
|j \ Future. 


O 

<! 


HH V. 

*S 1 Present. 

"jg i Present. 
Gerund. 


"S j Perfect. 










c • f um. 
Supine < 




. ( Present Tense. 




r Perfect Tense. 




""§ < Imperfect Tense. 




^ < 


Pluperfect Tense. 


w 


hH {_ Future Tense. 




£ 1 


Future Perfect 


o 


•^ ( Present Tense. 
^ 1 Imperfect Tense. 






Tense. 


o 

> 




2P f Perfect Tense. 
£ ( Pluperfect Tense. 


> 


d* \ Present Tense. 
jjj ] Future Tense. 




00 
CO 




<+4 f Perfect. 
£ ( Future. 




*S -j Present. 






S j Perfect. 








Gerundive. 





ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 



ENGLISH — LATIN VOCABULARY. 



ability, n., vires, ium; facultas, 

atis; ingenium, ii. 
able, v., possum, posse; queo, 

Ire. 
abode, n., sedes, is. 
abound, v., abundo, are. 
about, prep., de (abl.) ; adv., 

circa. 
accomplice, n., socius, ii. 
accomplish, v., conHcio, ere; 

perii cio ere. 
according, to, prep., pro 

(abl.) ; secundum (ace), 
accuse, v., accuso, are; incuso, 

are. 
achieve, v., conHcio, ere; facio 

ere. 
achievement, n., confectio, onis. 
acknowledge, v., confiteor, eri; 

agnosco, ere. 
acquire, v., adipiscor, i; ob- 

tineo, ere. 
across, prep., trans (ace). 



act, n., factum, i; v., ago, ere; 
facio ere. 

action, n., actio, onis. 

active, adj., celer, eris, ere; 
prompt us, a, um. 

add, v., adjungo, ere; addo, ere; 
(= — to,) adicio, ere; it is 
— ed, ace edit (from accedo). 

Admetus, n., Admetus, i. 

administration, n., administra- 
te, onis. 

adorn, v., or no, are; dec or o, are. 

advance, v., progredior, i. 

advantage, n., commodum, i. 

adventure, n., fortuna,ae; casus, 
us. 

adversity, n.,(=adverse things,) 
res adversae. 

advice, n., consilium, ii. 

Aedui (Haedui), n., Aedui, 
orum. 

Aeneas, n., Aeneas, ae. 

affair, n., res, ei; negotium, ii 



72 



Latin Prose Composition. 



after, prep., post (ace.) ; conj., 

postquam. 
Africanus, n., Africanus, i. 
again, adv., iterum; rursus; — 

and — , iterum et iterum. 
against, prep., contra, adversus 

(ace.), 
age, n., aetas, atis; (=time,) 

tenipus, oris. 
agreeable, adj., acceptus, a, am; 

gratus, a, um. 
aid, n., auxilium, ii; v., juvo, 

are ; to bear — , auxilium ad- 

ferre. 
alas, inter j., eheul 
Alcibiades, n., Alcibiades, is. 
all, adj., omnis, e; cunctus, a, 

um. 
allow, v., sino, ere; potior, i; 

(— grant,) concedo, ere. 
almost, adv., fere; paene. 
alone, adj., units, a, um; solas, 

a, um; adv., solum. 
also, conj., quo que; etiam; item; 

not only but — , non modo 

sed etiam. 

although, conj., quamquam; 

licet; tametsi; quamvis; ( = 

seeing that,) cum. 
always, adv., semper; non nun- 

quam; omni tempore. 



ambassador, n., legatus, i. 
ambition, n., stadium, ii. 
among, prep., in (abl.) ; inter, 

a pud (ace), 
ancient, adj., antiquus, a, am; 

(= ancients,) n., major es, 

um; antiqui, orum. 
and, conj., et; -que (enclit.) ; 

ac; atque; both , et 

et; cam turn; — yet, et 

■ tamen. 
Androgeos, n., Androgeos, i. 
animal, n., animal, alis. 
annoy, v., vexo, are. 
announce, v., nuntio, are; in- 

dico, are. 
another, pron., alius, a, um; 

one , alter alter. 

any, adj., ullus, a, um; — what- 
ever, quivis, quaevis, quodvis. 
anyone,. pron., quisquam, quae- 

quain, quid (or quod) quam; 

— whatever (see any) . 
anything, pron., aliquid, or ali- 

quod. 
appear, v., appareo, ere; ( = 

seem,) videor, eri. 
appearance, n., species, ei. 
approach, v., appropinquo, are; 

n., advent us, as. 
April, adj. or n., Aprilis, is. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



78 



Ariovistus, n., Ariovistus, i. 

Aristides, n., Aristides, is. 

armed, adj. ,armatus, a, um. 

armor, n., anna, orum. 

army, n., exercitus, us; copiae, 
arum. 

arouse, v., excito, are; corn- 
move o, ere. 

arrange, v., dispono, ere; or- 
dino, are. 

array, v., instruo, ere. 

art, n., ars, tis. 

as, adv., quam; tanquam; nt; 
(= like,) instar; — long — , 
quamdiu; — soon — , simulac, 
quam primum; — if, velutsi; 
(= for,) pro; see far; see 

SAME. 

ascend, v., adscendo, ere. 
ashamed, v., impers. use, it 

shames, pndet. 
ask, v., rogo, are ; quaero, ere. 
assail, v., oppngno, are. 
assault, n., impetus, us; incur - 

sus, us. 



assembly, n., conventus, us; 

convocatio, onis. 
assert, v., assevero, are; afhrmo, 

are. 
assume, v., sumo, ere. 
assure, v., assevero, are. 
at, prep., ad, apud (ace.) ; in. 

(abl.) ; — least, saltern, certe; 

— last, denique, or ad extre- 

mum; — a distance, procul. 
Athens, n., Athenae, arum. 
Athenian, adj. or n., Athenien- 

sis, e. 
attack, n., impetus, us; v., ado- 

rior, iri; oppugno, are. 
attain, v., assequor, i. 
attempt, n., conatus, us; v., 

conor, ari; tento, are. 
Atticus, n., Atticus, i. 
Augustan, adj., Augustus, a, um.. 
authority, n., auctoritas, atis; 

gravitas, atis. 
avarice, n., avaritia, ae. 
avoid, v., vito, are ; defugio, ere. 
away, adv., procul; ab; — with 

you !, apage tel 



B. 



bad, adj., mains, a, um. 
baggage, n., impedimenta, orum. 
band, n., caterva, ae. 



banish, v., expello, ere. 
barbarous, adj., inhumanus, a, 
um. 



74 



Latin Prose Composition. 



bard, n., vates, is. 

base., adj., turpis, e. 

battle, n., proelium, ii; acies, ei; 

pugna, ae. 
be, v., to — , esse (sum, esse, 

fui. ) . 
bear, v., fero, ferre; tolero, are. 
beauty, n., pulchritudo, inis. 
beautiful, adj., pulcher, chra, 

chrum. 
because, conj., quod; quia; 

quoniam; of, prep., ob, 

propter (ace), 
become, v., Ho, fieri. 
before, adv., ante; prep., ante 

(ace.) ; coram (abl.) ; conj., 

ante- or prius-quam. 
begin, v., coepi, isse, turn; in- 

cipio, ere; initium facio, ere. 
behoove, v., (= it is ing,) 

oportet, nit, ere. 
being, n., natura, ae; homo, inis. 
Belgae, n., Belgae, arum. 
believe, v., credo, ere; opinor, 

ari; censeo, ere. 
belief, n., opinio, onis; fides, ei. 
benefit, v., prosum, prodesse, 

pro fui; juvo, are; n., bene- 

ficium, ii. 
beneficial, adj., utilis, e. 



besides, adv., praeterea; atque 

adeo; prep., praeter (ace). 
bestow, v., do, dare; reddo, ere. 
betrayal, n., proditio, onis. 
better, adj., (comp. of bonus,) 

melior; praestantior ; adv., 

melius. 
beware, v., (imp.) cave, from 

caveo, ere. 
beyond, prep., supra (ace.) ; 

aliquid amplius quam. 
bid, v., jubeo, ere. 
bird, n., avis, is; volucris, is. 
body, n., corpus, oris; (=band,) 

caterva, ae. 
bold, adj., audax, acis; audens, 

ntis. 
boldly, adv., andacter; conH- 

denter. 
boldness, n., audacia, ae. 
bond, n., conjivnetio, onis. 
book, n., liber, bri. 
borders, n., fines, ium. 
born, v., nascor, i. 
both, and, conj., et 

et; cum turn. 

brave, adj., fortis, e. 
breakfasted, v., (perf. part, of 

prandeo,) pransus, a, um. 
bribery, n., largitio, onis. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



75 



bring, v., fero, ferre; efhcio, 
ere; — forth, pro fero, ere. 

brushwood, n., virgultum, i. 

Brutus, n., Brutus, i. 

build, v., aedifico, are; con- 
struo, ere; condo, ere. 

burn, v., incendo, ere; igni con- 
sumo, ere. 



but, conj., autem; at; sed; 
vero; et tamen; — if, sin; 
— that (or = who not), quin, 
qui non; not only - - - — 
also, non solum — sed etiam; 
(= except,) praeter. 

buy, v., emo, ere. 

by, prep., a or ab (abl.). 



Caesar, n., Caesar, aris. 

Caius, n., Caius, ii. 

call, v., nomino, are; voco, are; 
— together, convoco, are. 

camp, n., castra, orum. 

can, v., see able. 

capital, n., (=head,) caput, 
itis. 

captain, n., ( — of a ship,) na- 
varchus, i. 

captive, n., captivus, i; cap- 
uts, i. 

capture v., capio, ere; compre- 
hendo, ere. 

care, n., cur a, ae ; diligentia, 
ae; v., (=take — of,) euro, 
are; — for, colo, ere. 

careful, adj., diligens, ntis. 

careless, adj., megligens, ntis; 
imprudens, ntis. 



carry, v., fero, ferre; — on, or 
wage, gero, ere; — back, re- 
fero, ferre. 

Carthage, n., Carthago, mis. 

Carthaginian, adj. or n., Car- 
thaginiensis, is. 

cast, v., — down, dejicio, ere. 

Casticus, n., Casticus, i. 

Catiline, n., Catilina, ae. 

cause, n., causa, ae; v., efhcio, 
ere. 

cease, v., desist o, ere; desino, 
ere. 

celebrate, v., celebro, are. 

celebrity, n., claritas, atis; glo- 
ria, ae. 

celestial, adj., caelestis, e. 

certain, adj., certus, a, um; 
( = peculiar, ) proprius, a, 



76 



Latin Prose Composition. 



um; a one, quidam, 

quaedam, quoddam. 
certainly, adv., certe; pro ex- 

plorato. 
chance, n., fors, tis; casus, us; 

by , forte. 

change, v., {com) muto, are. 
character, n., mores, um; in- 

genium, ii. 
characteristic, adj., of, pro- 

prius, a, um; expressed by 

genitive case, 
charge, n., accusatio, onis; v., 

jubeo, ere ; accuso, are; as- 
sign o, are. 
children, n., liberi, orum. 
choice, n., delectus, us; by , 

sponte. 
choose, v., eligo, ere; deligo, 

ere. 
Cicero, n., Cicero, onis. 
Ciceronian, adj., Ciceronianus, 

a, um. 
circumstance, n., res, ei; causa, 

ae; vicissitudo, inis. 
city, n., urbs, is; oppidum, i. 
civilization, n., cultus, us; hu- 

manitas, atis. 
class, n., genus, eris. 
clear, adj., manifestus, a, um. 
close, v., finio, ire; claudo, ere. 



cloud, n., nubes, is. 
cohort, n., cohors, tis. 
collect, v., confero, ferre; col- 
li go, ere; cogo, ere. 
come, v., venio, 'ire. 
comfort, n., consolatio, onis; 

s, commoda, orum; v.,. 

consolor, ari. 
command, n., imperium, ii; v., 

impero, are ; jubeo, ere. 
commit, v., committo,ere ; a 

fault, erro, are. 
compare, v., comparo, are; 

compono, ere. 
compel, v., cogo, ere ; compello^ 

ere. 
competent, adj., idoneus, a, um; 

pot ens, ntis. 
complain, v., queror, i. 
complete, v., conficio, ere ; ivnio, 

Ire. 
conceal, v., celo, are; occulto, 

are. 
conception, n., notio, onis. 
concern, v., pertineo, ere; it 

s, refert; interest. 

concerning, prep., de (abl.). 
conduct, v., duco, ere ; ago, ere; 

n., mores, um. 
confess, v., confiteor, eri; fa- 

teor, eri. 



Latin Prose Composition, 



77 



confession, n., confessio, onis. 
conflict, n., certamen, inis. 
conquer, v., vinco, ere; supero, 

are. 
conscript, adj. (part, from con- 

scribo,) conscriptus; Patres 

Conscripti (Conscript Fa- 
thers), 
consequence, n., consequential 

ae ; effectus, us. 
consider, v., habeo, ere; judico, 

are ; arbitror, ari; credo, ere. 
conspire, v., conspiro, are. 
conspiracy, n., conjuratio, onis. 
conspirator, n., conjuratus, i. 
constrain, v., constringo, ere. 
construct, v., construo, ere. 
consul, n., consul, is. 
contain, v., contineo, ere. 
contend, v., certo, are; dimico, 

are. 
content, adj., contentus, a, um. 
contented, adj., tranquillus, a, 

um; see content. 
continue, v., extendo, ere; con- 

tinuo, are; produco, ere. 
contrary, adj., to each 

other, inter se contrarius, a, 

um. 



contrive, v.,excogito,are; Hugo, 

ere. 
convince, v., persuadeo, ere: 
copiousness, n., abundantia, ae. 
Corinth, n., Corinthus, i. 
Corinthian, adj. or n., Cor- 

inthius, a, um. 
corruption, n., corruptio, onis; 

depravatio, onis. 
countenance, n., os, oris; vul- 

tus, us. 
country, n., (= native land,) 

p atria, ae; ager, gri. 
countryman, n., (= fellow — ,) 

civis, is. 
course, n., cursus, its. 
cover, v., tego, ere. 
cowardice, n., ignavia, ae. 
crime, n., scelus, eris. 
crumb, n., mica, ae. 
cultivate, v., colo, ere; instituo, 

ere. 
culture, n., humanitas, atis; 

(animi) cult us, us. 
cultured, adj., doctus, a, um; 

eruditus, a, um. 
cure, v., sano, are; (= change,) 

muto, are. 



78 



Latin Prose Composition. 



D. 



daily, adv., cotidie. 
danger, n., pericuhim, i. 
dangerous, adj., periculosus, a, 

um. 
dare, v., audeo, ere. 
day, n., dies, ei; at break, 

prima luce; in our , nos- 
tra aetate, or nostro tempore ; 

on following , postridie; 

on the before, pridie. 

death, n., mors, lis; obitus, i; 

nex, cis. 
deceive, v., fallo, ere ; decipio, 

ere. 
declare, v., dico, ere; declaro, 

are. 
decree, v., decemo, ere; statuo, 

ere; n., de ere turn, i. 
deed, n., factum, i. 
deep, adj., alius, a, um; n., 

(= sea,) altum, i. 
defeat, n., clades, is; v., de-' 

vinco, ere. 
defect, n., ( in writing,) 

mendum, i. 
defend, v., defendo, ere; tueor, 

eri. 
defense, n., praesidium, i. 
degree, see same. 



delight, n., voluptas, atis; did- 
cedo, inis; v., delecto, are. 

delightful, adj., jucundus, a, 
um. 

delinquency, n., delictum, i. 

demand, v., postulo, are. 

demoralization, n., mores cor- 
rupts. 

Demosthenes, n., Demosthenes, 
is. 

denounce, v., denuntio, are; ac- 
cuso, are. 

deny, v., nego, are; recuso, are. 

depart, v., egredior, i; abeo, ire. 

dependent, adj., (= weak,) 
inops, opis; (= one who 
depends,) qui dependet. 

depraved, adj., depravatus, a, 
um. 

deprive, v., privo, are. 

descend, v., descendo, ere; ( = 
spring from,) orior, iri. 

describe, v., expono,ere; enarro, 
are. 

deserve, v., mereo, ere; dignus 
est. 

desire, v., desidero, are; ( = 
wish,) volo, velle; n., cupidi- 
tas, atis; desiderium, ii. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



79 



desirous, adj., cupidus, a, um; 

avidus, a, um. 
despair, v., of, despero, 

are. 
destitute, adj., privatus, a, um; 

e gens } ntis. 
destroy, v., deleo, ere; perdo, 

ere. 
destruction, n., excidium, ii. 
development, n., progressus, us. 
diction, n., scribendi or dicendi 

genus, eris; sermo, onis. 
die, v., morior, i; vita decedo, 

ere. 
differ, v., dissideo, ere. 
difficult, adj., difUcilis, e; ar- 

duus, a, um. 
difficulty, n., difhcultas, atis. 
dim, adj., obscurus, a, um. 
direction, n., (some in one , 

some in another,) pars, tis. 
discern, v., discerno, ere. 
disclose, v., patefacio, ere. 
discontent, n., molestia, ae; tae- 

dium, ii. 
disgrace, n., dedecus, oris; tur- 

pitudo, inis. 
dislodge, v., depello, ere. 



dispel, v., dispello,ere; (=shake 

off,) discutio, ere. 
disperse, v., dissipo, are. 
display, n., ostentatio, onis. 
displease, v., displiceo, ere. 
displeasure, n., ira, ae; indig- 

natio, onis. 
disposition, n., ingenium, ii; 

mores, um. 
dissent, v., dissentio, Ire. 
distance, n., spatium, ii; at a 

, procul. 

distinguished, adj., insignis, e; 

praecellens, ntis. 
disturb, v., (per) (eon) turbo, 

are; moveo, ere. 
disturbance, n., turbatio, onis. 
divide, v., divido, ere. 
divine, adj., divinus, a, um. 
do, v., facio, ere ; ago, ere ; 

not, nolite (imp. of nolo). 
doubt, n., dubium, ii; v., dubito, 

are; in dubio esse; dubium 

esse. 
doubtful, adj., dubius, a, um; 

incertus, a, um. 
duty, n., ofhcium, ii; munus, 

eris; (it is of,) pars, tis; 

(it is your ,) tuum est. 



80 



Latin Prose Composition. 



E. 



eager, adj., avidus, a, um; cupi- 

dus, a, um. 
early, adj., maturus, a, um; 

( = ancient,) pristinus, a, um. 
earnestly, adv., graviter. 
earth, n., terra, ae; orbis ter- 

rarum. 
earthwork, n., agger, eris. 
ease, n., otium, ii; vita otiosa. 
>easy, adj., facilis, e. 
easily, adv., facile. 
eat, v., edo, ere. 
education, n., educatio, onis; 

doctrina, ae. 
effect, n., effectus, us. 
effeminate, adj., effeminatus, a, 

um. 
efficient, adj., efhciens, ntis. 
eighth, adj., octavus, a, um. 
either, conj., or, aut 

aut; vel vel. 

Elbe, n., Albis, is. 
election, n., electio, onis. 
elegance, n., ( of speech,) 

munditia, ae; elegantia, ae. 
elevate, v., (at) (ex) tollo, ere. 
eleventh, adj., undecimus, a, 

um. 
eloquence, n., facundia, ae. 



embody, v., includo, ere. 
embrace, n., ample xus, us. 
eminent, adj., praestans, ntis; 

praecellens, ntis. 
employ, v., (= use,) utor, i. 
end, n., finis, is; in the , 

ad extremum, denique. 
endowed, adj., praeditus, a, um; 

ornatus, a, um. 
endure, v., tolero, are; fero, 

ferre. 
enemy, n., hostis, is. 
energy, n., vis, is; vigor, oris. 
energetic, adj., strenuus, a, um. 
enforce, v., conHrmo, are; vim 

do, dare. 
engage, v., inter mis ceo, ere. 
enjoy, v., fruor, i; utor, i. 
ennobling, adj., altus, a, um; 

gravis, e. 
enrich, v., locuples (etis) facio, 

ere (=make rich), 
enterprise, n., opus, eris. 
entreat, v., pre cor, ari. 
envy, n., invidia, ae. 
Epaminondas, n., Epaminondas, 

ae. 
epitome, n., epitome, es. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



81 



equal, adj., aequus, a, um; 

to, instar (indecl.). 

erect, v., erigo, ere. 

error, n., error, oris. 

especial, adj., praecipuus, a, um. 

especially, adv., maxime; im- 
primis. 

estate, n., fundus, i. 

estimation, n., aestimatio, onis; 
opinio, onis. 

even, adv., etiam; vel; quidem; 

not only but — , non modo 

sed quidem; if, eti- 

amsi. 

evening, n., vesper, eris. 

event, n., res gesta; eventus, us. 

ever, adv., unquam. 

everything, n., neuter of omnis, 
e, or quique, quaeque, quod- 
que, used as subst. 



evidence, n., argumentum, i; 

evidentia, ae. 
evil, adj., malus, a, um; n., 

malum, i; power of , 

daemon, onis. 
example, n., exemplum, i; as an 

, pro exemplo. 

exceedingly, adv., valde. 
except, prep., praeter (ace.) ; 

conj., nisi. 
excuse, n., excusatio, onis; v., 

excuso, are. 
exercise, v., exerceo, ere. 
exert, v., (= use,) utor, i; ni- 

tor, i, 
exhort, v., hortor, ari. 
explore, v., exploro, are. 
extend, v., extendo, ere ; pateo, 

ere. 
extravagance, n., immoderatio, 

onis. 



face, n., os, oris; facies, ei. 

fact, n., factum, i; res, ei. 

faithful, adj., fidelis, e. ' 

fall, n., casus, us; v., cado, ere; 
delabor, i; preserve from 

ing, quominus with subj. 

mood. 



false, adj., falsus, a, um. 
falsehood, n., mendacium, ii. 
fame, n., fama, ae; claritas, 

at is. 
famous, adj., (prae) clarus, a, 

um; celebratus, a, um. 
far, adv., procul; by — , multo; 



82 



Latin Prose Composition. 



so is it from the truth 

that, tantum abest ut; as 

as it may aid, quod juvet. 
father, n., pater, tris. 
fault, n., culpa, ae; vitium, ii; 

delictum, i. 
favor, v., faveo, ere ; propitium 

esse; n., favor, oris; gratia, 

ae. 
fear, n., metus, us; timor, oris; 

v., metuo, ere; pertimesco, 

ere. 
feast, n., epulae, arum. 
February, n. and adj., Febru- 

arius, i. 
few, adj., pauci, ae, a. 
fictitious, adj., Hctus, a, um. 
field, n., ager, gri. 
fifteen, adj., quindecim; fif- 
teenth, quintus-decimus. 
fight, n., pugna, ae; certamen, 

inis; v., pugno, are. 
finally, adv., denique; ad ex- 

tremum. 
find, v., out, exploro, are; 

excogito, are. 
fine, v., multo, are; n., multa, 

ae. 
first, adj., primus, a, um; at 

, primum. 

five, adj., quinque. 



flatter, v., blandior, irk 

flee, v., {pro) fugio, ere; fugae 

se mando, are. 
flesh, n., caro, carnis. 
flourish, v., Horeo, ere; vigeo, 

ere; — ing, Horens, ntis. 

flower, n., Hos, ris. 
fly, v., volo, are. 
follow, v., sequor, i. 
following, on the day, pos- 

tridie. 
follower, n., sectator, oris. 
folly, n., amentia, ae. 
for, prep., pro (abl.) ; ad (ace.) ; 

sake of, causa, gratia; 

conj., nam; enim; (= be- 
cause,) quod. 
force, n., vis, is. 
forces, n., copiae, arum. 
forcible, adj., gravis, e; (= by 

force,) per vim. 
forefathers, n., majores, um; 

priores, um. 
forest, n., silva, ae. 
forget, v., obliviscor, i. 
forgetful, adj., immemor, oris; 

obliviosus, a, um. 
former, adj., pristinus, a, um; 

the — — , the latter, hie , 

Me. 
fort, n., castellum, i. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



83 



forth, bring 



eifero, ferre. 



fortification, n.. mumtio, onis. 
fortify, v., muuio, Ire. 
fortune, n., fortuna, ae. 
found, v., condo, ere. 
founder, n., conditor, oris ; auc- 

tor, oris. 
four, adj., quatitor. 
fragrance, n., odor suaz'is, e. 
free, v., liber o, are; adj., liber, 

a, um; from, car ens, 

ntis. 
freedman, n., libertinus, i. 
freedom, n., libertas, at is. 
friend, n., amicus, i. 



friendly, adj., benignus, a, um; 
amicus, a } um. 

friendship, n., amicitia, ae. 

from, prep., (a) ab, (e) ex, 
( abl. i : far , procul. 

frugal, adj., frugi (indecl.). 

fruit, n., ft net us, us. 

fugitive, n., profit gus, i. 

full, adj.. plants, a, um; (== 
entire/) totus, a, um. 

fully, adv., plcne; (= alto- 
gether.) omniuo; see full 
for adj. use. 

furnish, v., suppedito, are; 
praebeo, ere. 

Furies, n., Furiae, arum. 



G. 



gain, v., obtineo, ere; pos- 
session of, potior, Iri. 

game, n., Indus, i. 

garden, n., Jwrtus, i. 

Gaul, n., Gallia, ae; a Gaul, 
Galhis, i. 

general, n., imperator, oris; 
dux, cis. 

generally, adv., plerumque. 

generalship, n., ductus, us. 

generation, n., present , 

ha jits aetatis homines. 



German, n., Germanus, i. 

gift, n., donum, i. 

gird, v., cingo, ere. 

give, v., do, dare ; praebeo, ere. 

gladly, adv., with adj. use, foe- 
tus, a, um; libenter. 

glide, v., {pro) labor, i. 

glory, n., gloria, ae. 

go, v., eo, Ire ; vado, ere; pro- 
cedo, ere. 

god, n., deus, i. 

goddess, n., dea, ae. 



84 



Latin Prose Composition. 



gold, n,, aurum, i. 

good, adj., bonus, a, um; n., 

bonum, i; pi., boni, orum 

(subst.). 
govern, v., tempero, are; re go, 

ere; coerceo, ere. 
government, n., regnum, i. 
great, adj., magnus, a, um; 

clarns, a, um; so , 

how , tantus quan- 

tus. 



greatly, adv., valde. 
Greece, n., Graeeia, ae. 
Greek, n. and adj., Graecus T a, 
um. 

grief, n., dolor, oris; luctus, us. 
grieve, v., doleo, ere; impers. 

use, pi get. 
guard, v., custodio, ire. 
guest, n., hospes, itis. 



H. 



habit, n., mos, moris. 

hail, n., grando, inis. 

hand, down, v., trado, ere; 

do, are. 

handiwork, n., peritia, ae. 

happiness, n., beatitudo, inis. 

happen, v., Ho, fieri; accido, ere: 

happy, adj., beatus, a, um; felix, 
icis. 

harm, n., calamitas, atis; v., 
no ceo, ere. 

harmful, adj., nocens, ntis; 
noxius, a, um. 

hatred, n., odium, ii; invidia, 
ae. 

have, v., habeo, ere; (= re- 
ceive,) recipio, ere; obliga- 



tion expressed by pass, peri- 
phrastic conjugation. 

he, pron., is; ille; iste; hie. 

hear, v., audio, ire; aures do, 
are; accipio, ere. 

hearer, n., auditor, oris. 

heart, n., cor, dis; animus, i. 

heaven, n., caelum, i; sedes de- 
orum. 

help, see aid. 

her, pron., fern, of suus, a, um. 

hero, n., heros, ois. 

Herodotus, n., Herodotus, i. 

hesitate, v., dubito, are. 

hidden, adj., abditus, a, um. 

high, adj., alius, a, um; excel- 



Latin Prose Composition. 



85 



highly, adv., alte ; valde ; ( = 
great,) ma gnus , a, am; to 
value highly, magni aesti- 
mare. 

hill, n., collis, is. 

hinder, v., impedio, ire; pro- 
hibeo, ere. 

his, pron., suns, a, um. 

historian, n., auctor (oris) his- 
toriarum. 

history, n., historia, ae. 

hither, adv., — and thither, hue 
et illuc. 

hold, v., habeo, ere; elec- 
tion, ago, ere (with noun). 

home, n., domus, us; sedes, is. 

honor, n., honos, oris; dignitas, 
atis. 



hope, n., spes, ei; v., spero, are. 

horseman, n., eques, itis. 

hostage, n., obses, idis. 

hour, n., hora, ae. 

how, adv., quam; ut; qui; quo- 

modo; ■ much, quantum; 

great, quantus, a, um 



I, pron., ego; — myself, ego- 
met. 

if, conj., si; but — , sin; — 
only, dummodo ; as — , acsi; 
just as — , velutsi. 

ignorance, n., ignoratio, oms. 

ignorant, adj., ignarus, a, um; 
indoctus, a, um. 

illustrious, adj., praeclarus, a, 
um. 

image, n., simulacrum, i. 



(adj.). 

however, adv., tamen; quam- 
vis; conj., autem. 

human, adj., humanus, a, um. 

humanity, n., humanitas, atis. 

humble, adj., humilis, e; de- 
missus, a, um. 

hunger, n., fames, is. 

hurrah ! inter j., io! eja! 

husbandman, n., agricola, ae. 



I. 



imitate, v., imitor, ari; perse- 
qitor, i. 

immortal, adj., immor talis, e. 
imperator, n., imp er at or, oris. 
impetuous, adj., violentus, a, 

um; acer, cris, ere. 
importance, n., momentum, i; 

auctoritas, atis. 
imprison, v., in career em injicio, 

ere. 



86 



Latin Prose Composition. 



improve, v., corrigo, ere; melius 

facio, ere. 
improvement, n.,emendatio, onis. 
impudence, n., impicdentia, ae. 
impute, v., attribiw, ere. 
in, prep., in (ace. and abl.) ; 

— turn, vie em; — that, quod; 

— truth, vero; — two parts, 

bipartito ; — regard to, de. 
inclination, n., inclinatio, onis. 
incline, v., inclino, are. 
incredible, adj., incredibilis, e. 
indeed, adv., quid em; vere; 

profecto. 
indolence, n., inertia, ae. 
indolent, adj., ignavus, a, um. 
infantry, n., pedites, um. 
influence, n., potentia, ae; vis, 

is; v., (per) moveo, ere; per- 

suadeo, ere ; re go, ere. 
inhabitant, n., incola, ae. 
injure, v., laedo, ere; vulnero, 

are. 
injurious, adj., see harmful. 



injury, n., noxia, ae; injuria, ae. 
injustice, n., injustitia, ae. 
inquire, v., inquiro, ere; quaero, 

ere. 
inside, adv., intus; prep., intra 

(ace), 
instead of, prep., pro (abl.) ; 

him, in locum ejus; 

magis quam. 
insufficient, adj., haud sufUciens, 

ntis. 
integrity, n., probitas, atis. 
intellect, n., mens, ntis; ingeni- 

um, ii. 
intend, v., cogito, are; intendo, 

ere. 
interest, n., commodum, i; v., 

impers. use, interest. 
interesting, adj., jucundus, a, 

um. 
internal, adj., intestinus, a, um. 
invite, v., invito, are. 
Isocrates, n., Isocrates, is. 
it, pron., id; hoc. 



jest, n., jocus, i; in , per 

jo cum. 
judge, v., judico, are ; existimo, 

are. 
July, n. or adj., Julius, i. 



Jupiter, n., Jupiter, jovis. 
just, adv., at that time, 

turn maxime; as if, 

velutsi (conj.). 



Latin Prose Composition. 



87 



K. 



keep, v., teneo, ere; out, 

prohibeo, ere; ignorant 

of, celo, are. 
kill, v., interHcio, ere; caedo, 

ere. 
kind, n., genus, eris; adj., be- 

nignus, a, um. 
kindness, n., benignitas, atis; 

benevolentia, ae. 



king, n., rex, gis. 

know, v., scio, Ire; (cog) nosco, 

ere; intellego, ere; percipio, 

ere. 
knowledge, n., scientia, ae. 
known, adj., notus, a, um; it 

is , constat, certum est; 

see make. 



L. 



Lacedaemonian, adj, and n., 

Lacedaemonius, a, um. 
lack, n., inopia, ae; v., indigeo, 

ere. 
language, n., lingua, ae. 

land, n., native , p atria, ae. 

large, adj., magnus, a, um. 
last, adj., extremus, a, um; at 

, denique, ad extremum. 

lasting, adj., Urmus, a, um. 
late, adj., serus, a, um; adv., 

sero, comp., serins; in 

the day, multo die. 
Latin, adj., Latinus, a, um. 
latter, adj., the former, the — , 

hie Me. 

laugh, v., at, arrideo, ere. 



law, n., lex, gis. 

lay, v., aside, abjicio, ere; 



open, patefacio, ere; 

low, dejicio, ere. 

lead, v., duco, ere; praesum, 

esse. 
leader, n., dux, cis. 
leadership, n., ductus, us. 
leading, adj., princeps, is. 
leap, v., salio, ire. 
learn, v., (per) (e) disco, ere; 

intellego, ere. 
learned, adj., doctus, a, um. 
learning, n., eruditio, onis. 
least, adv., minime; at , 

saltern. 
leave, v., relinquo, ere. 



88 



Latin Prose Composition. 



legion, n., legio, onis. 

leisure, n., otium, ii; at , 

otiosus, a, um; be at , 

vaco, are. 
lenity, n., lenit as, atis. 
Lentulus, n., Lentulus, i. 
less, adj., minor; adv., minus. 
lest, conj., (=that not,) ne. 
let, v., sign of sub. of desire ; 

see allow. 
letter, n., epistula, ae. 
liberator, n., liberator, oris. 
liberty, n., libertas, atis; licen- 

tia, ae. 
lieutenant, n., legatus, i. 
life, n., vita, ae; anima, ae; 

aetas, atis. 
light, n., lux, cis. 
like, adj., similis, e; ins tar 

(indecl.) ; adv., simili modo. 



lion, n., leo, onis. 

listen, v., to, audio, ire; 

ausculto, are. 

literature, n., litter ae, arum. 

little, adj., parvus, a,um; subst., 
parvum, i. 

live, v., vivo, ere. 

long, adj., Ion gus, a, um; adv., 

as as, quamdiu tarn- 

din; din, comp., diutius; no 
er, 11011 ad longius t em- 
pus. 

lose, v., perdo, ere; amitto, ere. 

love, v., amo, are; n., amor, 

oris; god of , Cupido, 

inis. 

lover, n., amator, oris. 

low, adj., humilis, e; -er, 

inferior, ius. 

luxury, n., luxuria, ae. 



M. 



madness, n., amentia, ae; furor, 

oris. 
magistrate, n., magistratus, us. 
majestic, adj., augustus, a, um. 
make, v., facio, ere ; use of, 

utor, i; mistake, err or em 

committo, ere ; known, 

nuntio, are. 



man, n., homo, inis; vir, i; 

see most; see people. 
manifest, adj., manifestus, a, 

um; v., ostendo, ere. 
mankind, n., genus humanum. 
Manlian, adj., Manlianus, a, 

um. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



S» 



manner, n., modus, i; ratio, 

onis. 
manners, n., mores, um. 
many, adj., multi, ae, a; com- 

plures, um. 
March, n. or adj., Martins, ii. 
march, v., proHciscor, i; n., iter, 

ineris. 
Marius, n., Mar ins, ii. 
Marseilles, n., Massilia, ae. 
marsh, n., pains, udis. 
master, v., (= become master 

of,) potior, Iri. 
matter, v., impers. use, refert; 

interest. 
Maximus, n., Maximus, i. 
means, n., adjumentum, i; by 

no , nulla parte. 

measure, v., metior, Iri. 

meat, n., see flesh. 

meet, v., occurro, ere; obviam 

venio, ire, followed by dat. 
memory, n., memoria, ae. 
mention, v., commemoro, are. 
merciful, adj., lenis, e. 
merit, n., excellentia, ae; dig- 
nit as, atis. 
message, n., nuntium, ii. 
midday, n., meridies, ei. 
middle, adj., me dins, a, nm. 
might, n., vis, is. 



mile, n., mille passuum. 

milk, n., lac, tis. 

million, n., decies centena millia.. 

mind, n., mens, ntis; animus, 
i; ingenium, ii. 

mindful, adj., memor, is. 

mistake, n., error, oris; v., see 

make; to for another, 

put are esse alium. 

moderation, n., moderatio, onis. 

molest, v., vexo, are; turbo r 
are. 

money, n., pecnnia, ae. 

more, adj., phis, pluris; adv.,. 
phis; magis; (= rather,) 
potius. 

Morini, n., Morini, orum. 

most, adj., plurhmis, a, um, 

people or men, plerique; 

for the part, plerumque. 

mother, n., mater, tris. 

motive, n., ratio, onis; quod 
aliquem a git at. 

mountain, n., mons, tis. 

move, v., (com) (a) moveo, ere. 

much, adj., multus, a, um; n., 
multum, i; adv., as pos- 
sible, quam phirimum ; 

greater, multo major ; (= by 
,) multo. 



90 



Latin Prose Composition. 



multitude, n., multitude, inis. 
murder, n., homicidium, ii. 
musical, adj., canorus, a, um. 
must, expressed by pass, peri- 



N. 



name, n., nomen, mis. 
narrate, v., narro, are; refero, 

ferre. 
narrator, n., narrator, oris; 

rerum gesiarum pronuntia- 

tor, oris. 
nation, n., natio, onis; gens, 

fitis. 
native, see land. 
nature, n., natura, ae. 
near, adv., prope; jitxta; adj., 

propinquus, a, um. 
necessary, adj., necessarius, a, 

um; it is , nee esse est. 

nectar, n., nectar, oris. 

need, n., opus (indecl.) ; inopia, 

ae; is a , opus est; v., 

egeo, ere. 
nefarious, adj., nefarius, a, um. 
neglect, n., neglectio, onis; v., 

negligo, ere. 
negligent, adj., negligens, ntis; 

indiligens, ntis. 
neighbor, n., vicinus, i. 
Nero, n., Nero, onis. 



phrastic; oportet; opus or 

necesse est. 
muster, v., congregor, ari. 
my, pron., mens, a, um. 

never, adv., nunquam; nullo 
tempore. 

nevertheless, adv., .{at) tamen; 
nihilominus. 

new, adj., novus, a, um; inex- 
pert us, a, um. 

nine, adj., novem. 

ninety, adj., nonaginta. 

no, adj., nullus, a, um; — one, 
nemo, inis; in — way, nullo 
modo. 

nobility, n., nobilitas, atis. 

noble, adj., praeclarus, a, um. 

none, subst. use, nemo, inis; 
non quisquam c 

not, adv., non; (—by no 

means,) haud; at all, 

nihil. 

notes, n., (= song,) cant us, us. 

nothing, n., nihil (indecl.). 

nourishment, n., alimentum, i. 

November, n. and adj., Novem- 
ber, bris. 

number, n., numerus, i. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



91 



O. 



O, inter j., Ol, — if, (= would 

that,) O si. 
obey, v., pareo, ere. 
obedient, adj., obediens, ntis. 
obscurity, n., obscuritas, atis. 
obtain, v., obtineo, ere; adipis- 

cor, i; potior, Iri. 
occupation, n., negotium, ii; 

occupatio, onis. 
October, n. and adj., October, 

bris. 
of, sign of gen. ; prep., out — , 

ex (e) ; (= about,) de 

(abl.) ; ( = toward,) erga 

(ace), 
offer, v., reddo, ere; offero, 

ferre. 
often, adv., saepe. 
old, adj., vetus, eris; age, 

senectus, utis; man, 

senex, senis. 
Olympian, adj., Olympius, a, 

um. 
on, prep., in (abl.). 
one, adj., unns, a, um; 's 

own, pro priiis, a, um; 

another, alter alter. 

only, adv., tantummodo ; solum; 
not , non modo; adj., 



unus, a, um; solus, a, um; 

see also. 
open, adj., apertus, a, um. 
openly, adv., palam; aperte. 
opportunity, n., casus, us; op- 

portunitas, atis. 
oppose, v., oppono, ere; resisto, 

ere. 
opposition, n., oppositio, onis. 
oppress, v., (ob) premo, ere. 
or, conj., aut; vel; -ve (enclit.) ; 

either — , vel vel; 

aut aut; sive sive. 

orator, n., orator, oris. 
oratory, n., ars oratoria; doc- 

trina dicendi. 
Orcus, n., Orcus, i. 
orderly, adj., compo situs, a, um. 
Ogetorix, n., Ogetorix, igis. 
Orpheus, n., Orpheus, i. 
other, adj., alius, a, ud; subst., 

others, alii, orum. See one. 
otherwise, adv., aliter. 
ought, v., (= owe,) debeo, ere; 

7= it is behooving,) oportet; 

expressed by pass, periphras- 
tic form. 



92 



Latin Prose Composition. 



our, pron., noster, tra, trum; 

we selves, nos ipsi. 

outside, adj., externus, a, um; 

adv. and prep, (ace), extra. 
over, prep., de (abl.) ; ( = 

throughout,) per (ace). 



overcome, v., supero, are ; de- 
vinco, ere; obruo, ere. 

overpower, v., opprimo, ere; 
profligo, are; devhxco, ere. 

overthrow, v., subverto, ere; 
demolior, Iri; n., clades, is. 



parent, n., parens, ntis. 

part, n., pars, tis; see most; 

see in. 
partake, v., of, sumo, ere ; 

participem esse. 
particular, adj., separatus, a, 

um ; peculiaris, e. 
past, adj., (= former,) prior, 

is. 
path, n., via, ae. 
patriotic, adj., patriae amans, 

ntis. 
pay, v., (= offer,) see offer; 

solvo, ere. 
peace, n., pax, eis. 
peaceful, adj., placidus, a, um. 
people, n., ( = citizens,) cives, 

iuiu; (—race,) gens, ntis; 

(=men,) viri } oruni; in- 

colae, arum; v., incolis com- 

pleo, ere ; see most. 



perform, v., fungor, i; facio, 
ere. 

performer, n., actor, oris. 

perhaps, adv., forsitan; forte. 

Pericles, n., Pericles, is. 

permit, v., c once do, ere; per- 
mitto, ere. 

person, n., persona, ae; in , 

praesens (^personally), cor- 
am. 

perspicuity, n., perspicuitas, 
atis. 

persuade, v., persuadeo, ere ; in- 
duct), ere. 

pierce, v., transUgo, ere. 

pity, v., miser e or, eri; impers. 
use, miser et. 

place, n., locus, i; v., pono, ere. 

plan, n., consilium, ii; v., molior, 
Iri. 

Plato, n., Plato, ouis. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



93 



plead, v., (causam) or (excusa- 

tionem) ago, ere. 
please, v., placeo, ere. 
pleasant, adj., acceptus, a, um; 

grains, a, nm. 
pleasure, n., voluptas, atis. 
plot, n., conjuratio, onis. 
plunderer, n., praedator, oris. 
politics, n., res publicae, ariim. 
political, adj., affairs, res 

de re public a. 
pollute, v., polluo, ere. 
pollution, n., pollutio, onis. 
Pompey, n., Pompeius, ii. 
poor, adj., pauper, eris; subst., 

pauperes, um. 
position, n., locus, i. 
possess, v., possideo, ere; habeo, 

ere; see gain. 
possessions, n., fortunae, arum. 
posterity, n., posteri, orum. 
poverty, n., paupertas, atis. 
power, n., vis, is; potentia, ae; 

in the of, cum; see 

EVIL. 

powerful, adj., potens, ntis; 

valens, ntis. 
practice, n., usus, us; v., utor, 

i; exerceo, ere. 
praetorian, adj., praetorius, a, 

um. 



praise, v., laudo, are; n., laus, 

dis, 
pray, v., oro, are; expressed by 

enclit. -nam; who , 

quis-nam . 
precept, n., praeceptum, i. 
prefer, v., prae- or ante-pono, 

ere ; malo, matte. 
preferable, adj., praeoptandus, 

a, um; it is , praestat. 

prepare, v., paro, are. 
presence, n., praesentia, ae; in 

of, coram (abl.). 

present, n., donum, i. 
preserve, v., (con) servo, are; 

t ue or, eri. 
prevail, v., valeo, ere. 
prevalent, adj., communis, e. 
prevent, v., prohibeo, ere; im- 

pedio, ire. 
principle, n., institutum, i. 
privilege, n., gratia, ae. 
proceed, v., progredior, i; ( = 

arise,) orior, Iri. 
proclaim, v., pronuntio, are. 
produce, v., efUcio, ere; exhibeo, 

ere; produco, ere. 
profligates, n., perditi, orum. 
prolong, v., traho, ere; con- 

tinuo, are. 



94 



Latin Prose Composition. 



promise, v., polliceor, eri. 
proof, n., indicium, ii. 
propitious, adj., propitius, a, 

um; secundus, a, nm. 
propose, v., propono, ere; sta- 

tuo, ere. 
prosperity, n., res secundae, 

arum. 
protect, v., tueor, eri; praesideo, 

ere. 
protection, n., praesidium, ii. 



prove, v., probo, are; demon- 
stro, are. 

provided that, conj. use, (dum) 
modo. 

public, adj., publicus, a, um. 

purchase, v., emo, ere. 

pure, adj., purus, a, um. 

purpose, n., consilium, ii; ani- 
mus, i. 

pursue, v., persequor, i. 

put, v., pono, ere; out, ex- 
tin guo, ere. 



Q- 



qualification, n., potest as, atis. 
queen, n., regina, ae. 
quick, adj., acer, cris, ere; 
promptus, a, um. 



quickly, adv., cito ; celeriter. 
quietly, adv., tacite. 
Quintus, n., Quintus, i. 



R. 



race, n., genus, ens. 

rail, v., at, consector, ari. 

rapid, adj., rapidus, a, um. 
rather, adv., potius; (== some^ 
what, ) aliquantum; 



than, potius quam; would 

, malo, malle. 

reach, v., pervenio, Ire. 
read, v., lego, ere. 
reader, n., lector, oris. 
readily, adv., prompte. 



readiness, n., facilitas, atis. 

ready, adj., paratus, a, um. 

realize, v., intellego, ere. 

reason, n., causa, ae; for this 

— , propterea; quare; there 

is no — — , nihil est; there 



is 



-, est. 



recall, v., (= recollect,) recor- 
dor, ari; memoriam renovo, 
are. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



95 



receive, v., accipio, ere; recipio, 

ere. 
recently, adv., recens. 
recognize, v., (re) cognosco, 

ere. 
recollection, n., memoria, ae; to 

my , in animum mihi. 

record, v., (= write,) scribo, 

ere; litteris mando, are. 
refuse, v., recuso, are; nego, 

are, 
regard, v., deligo, ere; ( = 

hold,) habeo,ere; ( = think,) 

puto, are; n., cur a, ae; re- 

spectus, us; amor, oris; see 

IN. 

reject, v., repudio, are; asper- 

nor, dri. 
rejoice, v., gaudeo, ere. 
relate, v., refero, ferre; (com) 

memoro, are; narro, are. 
relieve, v., (sub) levo, are. 
religion, n., religio, onis. 
relying upon, adj. use, fretus, a, 

um. 
remain, v., (per) maneo, ere; 

relmquor, i; adj., ing, 

relinquus, a, um. 
remarkable, adj., egregius, a, 

um; notandus, a, um. 



remember, v., memini, isse; re- 

cordor, dri. 
remonstrance, n., castigatio, 

onis. 
remove, v., (a) (re) moveo, 

ere; . depello, ere. 
repent, v., impers. use, paenitet. 
reply, v., respondeo, ere. 
report, v., renuntio, are; refero, 

ferre. 
republic, n., respublica, ae. 
reputation, n., fama, ae. 
require, v., postulo, are. 
resist, v., oppono, ere; resisto, 

ere. 
respect, n., honor, oris; in many 

s, multis rebus. 

responsible, v., be , in se 

recipio, ere; ratio reddenda 

est. 
restore, v., reduco, ere ; restituo, 

ere. 
restrain, v., cohibeo, ere. 
result, n., exitus, i; effectus, us. 
riches, n., divitiae, arum. 
right, adj., rectus, a, um; n., 

fas (indecl.) ; rectum, i; jus, 

ris. 
rightly, adv., recte; juste. 



96 



Latin Prose Composition. 



risk., v., periclitor, dri; life, 

periculo mortis se committo, 
ere. 

rite, n., ritus, us. 

Roman, adj. and n., Romanus, 
a, um; n., Quiris, itis. 

Rome, n., Roma, ae. 

Romulus, n., Romulus, i. 



rough, adj., as per, a, um. 
rout, v., fugo, are; in fugam 

dissipo, are. 
ruin, v., pcrdo, ere; funditus 

everto, ere. 
rule, v., re go, ere. 
ruler, n., rector, oris. 
rush, v., curro, ere. 



sacred, adj., sacer, era, crum. 
sacrifice, n., sacriUcium, ii. 
sad, adj., tristis, e. 
safe, adj., tutus, a, um; incolu- 

mis, e. 
sagacity, n., sagacitas, atis. 
sail, n., velum, i. 
sake, n., for of, causa; 

gratia; propter. 
Sallust, n., Sallustius, ii, (Cris- 

pus, i). 
same, adj., idem, eadem, idem; 

the as, idem ac or qui; 

to degree, it idem. 

satisfy, v., satis facio, ere. 
say, v., dico, ere. 
scarcely, adv., vix; aegre. 
Scipio, n., Scipio, onis. 
school, n., seminarium, ii. 
scorn, v., s per no, ere. 



screen, v., abdo, ere. 

sea, n., marc, is; altum, i. 

seal, n., signum, i. 

search, v., quaero, ere; in 

of, pres. part. 

season, n., tcmpcstas, atis. 

second, adj., secundus, a, um. 

secure, v., (= obtain,) obtineo, 
ere; tutitm red do, ere. 

see, v., video, ere. 

seek, v., peto, ere; quaero, ere; 
(= desire,) cupio, ere. 

seem, v., vide or, cri. 

seize, v., obtineo, ere; (= af- 
fect,) officio, ere. 

seldom, adv., raro; non saepe. 

self, pron., se; ipse, a, um. 

senate, n., senatus, us. 

send, v., mitto, ere. 

separate, v., secerno, ere. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



97 



Sequani, n., Sequani, orum. 
servitude, n., servitudo, inis. 
sesterce, n., sestertius, ii. 
set out, v., proHciscor, i. 
settled, adj., quietus, a, um. 
seven, adj., septem. 
seventh, adj., septimus, a, um. 
shades, n., manes, ium. 
shake, v., labefacto, are. 
ship, n., navis, is. 
shore, n., litus, oris. 
short, adj., brevis, e. 
should, see ought and must; 

sign of subj. mood, 
show, v., ostento, are; exhibeo, 

ere. 
shun, v., vito, are. 
sight, n., spectaculum, i. 
silence, n., in , cum silen- 

tio; taciturnitas, atis. 
silently, adv., tacite. 
silver, n., argentum, i. 
since, conj., quoniam; quia; 

cum; (= seeing that,) see 

ALTHOUGH. 

sit, v., sedeo, ere. 

six, adj., sex. 

skilled, adj., peritus, a, um. 

slander, v., male die o, ere. 

slave, n., servus, i. 

slay, v., interHcio, ere. 



sleep, n., somnus, i ; v., dormio, 
ire. 

small, adj., parvus, a, um. 

snow, n., nix, nivis. 

so, adv., sic; it a; tarn; , 

as, tarn quam; 

great, tantus, a, um; 

much, tantum; far, in 

tantum; ■ often, toties; 

( = to such a degree, ) eo ; 
see far, 

soar, v., subvolo, are. 

solace, n., solatium, ii. 

soldier, n., miles, itis. 

some, adj., aliquis, quae, quid 
(or quod); also used as 

subst. ; , and others, alii, 

et alii; one, aliquis; quis, 

quae, quid (or quod). 

sometimes, adv., nonnunquam; 

interdum; , 

mo do modo. 

son, n., iilius, ii; natus, i. 

song, n., cantus, us. 

soon, adv., mox; brevi tempore; 

as as possible, quam ma- 

turissime; as as, quam 

primum. 

soul, n., animus, i. 

source, n., fans, ntis; causa, ae; 
principium, ii. 



98 



Latin Prose Composition. 



speak, v., dico, ere; (al) (col) 

loquor, i; for, dri. 
speech, n., oratio, onis; contio, 

onis. 
spend, v., ago, ere; consumo, 

ere. 
spirit, n., animus, i. 
splendid, adj., praeclarus, a, um. 
spoils, n., spolia, orum. 
stability, n., constantia, ae; sta- 

bilitas, atis. 
stand, v., sto, are. 
star, n., stella, ae. 
state, n., civitas, atis; condicio, 

onis. 
statement, n., dictum, i; afhr- 

matio, onis. 
statesman, n., vir reipublicae 

per it us, a, um. 
statue, n., statua, ae. 
step, n., gradus, us. 
still, adv., etiam nunc; adhuc. 
story, n., fabula, ae; narratio, 

onis. 
strange, adj., mirus, a, um; in- 

solens, ntis. 
stratagem, n., dolus, i; insidiae, 

arum. 
strength, n., vis, is; robur, oris. 
strengthen, v., corroboro, are; 

reiicio, ere. 



strive, v., (e)nitor, i; contendo, 
ere. . 

strong, adj., Urmus, a, um; 
valens, ntis. 

student, n., studiosus, i. 

style, n., genus (eris) scribendi 
or dicendi. 

subdue, v., domo, are; devinco, 
ere. 

subject, adj., subjectus, a, um. 

sublime, adj., sublimis, e. 

success, n., res secundae; felici- 
tas, atis. 

successful, adj., felix, cis; most 

historian, Horentissimus 

auctor historiarum. 

successfully, adv., prospere; ex 
sententid. 

such, adj., talis, e; , as, 

talis, qualis; to a de- 
gree, tarn; certain proof, 

tarn certum indicium; ejus 
modo. 

sudden, adj., repentinus, a, um. 

suffer, v., tolero, are; patior, i. 

sufficient, adv., satis (adj. use). 

sufficiently, adv., satis. 

suitable, adj., idoneus, a, um. 

Sulla, n., Sulla, ae. 

summon, v., convoco, are. 

superiority, n., prior locus, i. 



Latin Prose Composition, 



99 



surely, adv., certe. 
surpass, v., supero, are; ante- 
cello, ere. 



sustain, v., sustineo, ere. 
swamp, n., palus, udis. 
sweetness, n., dulcitudo, inis. 



table, n., mensa, ae. 

Tacitus, n., Tacitus, i. 

take, v., capio, ere; recipio, ere; 

from, eripio, ere ; 

away, aufero, ferre; 

care, caveo, ere. 
talent, n., talentum, i; ingenium, 

ii. 
task, n., res magna, ae; opus, 

eris. 
teach, v., doceo, ere. 
tell, v., dico, ere; refero, ferre. 
tempest, n., procella, ae; tem- 
pest as, atis. 
temple, n., templum, i; delu- 

brum, i; aedes sacra. 
tempt, v., tento, are. 
ten, adj., decern; times, 

decies. 
tenth, adj., decimus, a, um. 
than, conj., quam; rather , 

potius quam. 
that, conj., ut; not, ne; 

pron., ille; iste; is; in , 

quod. 
their, pron., suus, a, um. 



Themistocles, n., Themistocles, 
is. 

then, adv., tunc; turn; eo tem- 
pore; and even , cum 

etiam turn; (== and again,) 
et iterum. 

there, adv., ibi; eo loco. 

therefore, adv., igitur; itaque; 

. ergo; hoc. 

they, pron., Mi; ipsi (reflexive 
use). 

thing, n., res, ei. 

think, v., puto, are; credo, ere; 
judico, are. 

this, pron., hie, haec, hoc; is, 
ea, id. 

thither, adv. ; see hither. 

though, conj ; see although. 

thought, n., cogitatum, i; sen- 
tentia, ae. 

thousand, adj., mille; pi., millia, 
um. 

threaten, v., minitor, ari. 

three, adj., tres, tria. 

through, prep., per. 

Thucydides, n., Thucydides, is. 



100 



Latin Prose Composition. 



thus, adv., ita; sic; see so. 

thwart, v., prohibeo, ere; obsto, 
are. 

Tibur, n., Tibur, uris. 

time, n., tempus, oris. 

to, prep., ad, in (ace.). 

to be, v., esse {sum). 

together, adv., una; call , 

convoco, are. 

too, adv., quo que; expressed by 
comp. degree. 

top, the of, adj., summits, 

a, um; n., summits, i. 

torch, n., taeda, ae. 

torrent, n., torrens, ntis. 

toss, v., up, subjicio, ere. 

traitor, n., proditor, oris. 

tranquillity, n., tranquillitas, 
at is. 

treachery, n., perHdia, ae; do- 
lus, i. 

triumph, n., triumphus, i. 



Trojans, n., Trojani, orum. 
troops, n., copiae, arum. 
trouble, v., turbo, are; ed 

in mind, discrucior animL 
troublesome, adj., molestus, a, 

um. 
true, adj., verus, a, um. 
trust, v., credo, ere; coniido, 

ere. 
truth, n., verum, i; in , 

vero; see far. 
try, v.. tento, are. 
turbulent, adj., turbulentus, a, 

um. 
turn, v., {con) {a) verto, ere; 

in , vie em or vicissim. 

twelfth, adj., duodecimus, a, 

um. 
twenty, adj., viginti. 
twice, adv., bis. 
two, adj., duo, duae, duo; see 

IN. 

tyranny, n., tyrannis, idis. 



U. 



unconscious, adj., inscius, a, 

um. 
understand, v., intellego, ere. 
undertake, v., in-, sus-cipio, ere. 
undervalue, v., vilis {e) habeo, 

ere; elevo, are. 



unhappy, adj., miser, a, um; in- 

felix, icis. 
unite, v., con-jungo, ere. 
unkind, adj., inhumanus, a, um. 
unknown, adj., ignotus, a, um; 

inexploratus, a, um. 



Latin Prose Composition. 



101 



unless, conj., nisi. 
unlike, adj., dissimilis, e. 
unpopularity, n., invidia, ae. 
until, conj., dum; donee; quoad. 
unwilling, adj., invitus, a, um; 

( = not to wish, ) nolo, nolle. 
unworthy, adj., indignus, a ,um. 
upon, prep., in (ace. or abl.) ; 

super (ace). 



upright, adj., probus, a, um. 
urge, v., urgeo, ere; hortor, ari. 
use, v., utor, i; n., usus y us. 
useful, adj., utilis, e; commo- 

dus, a, um. 
usefulness, n., utilitas, atis. 
usually, adv., plerumque. 
utility, n., see usefulness. 
utter, v., signiUco, are; ' dico, 

ere. 



V. 



valiant, adj., fortis, e. 

value, v., aestimo, are; (with 

gen. or abl.,)habeo, ere; n., 

aestimatio, onis. 
vast, adj., vastus, a, um. 
very, adv., valde; expressed by 

superl. degree, 
vice, n., vitium, ii. 
vicious, adj., vitiosus, a, um. 
victory, n., victoria, ae. 



victorious, adj., victrix, icis. 
view, n., conspectus, us. 
vigilant, adj., vigilans, ntis. 
vigor, n., vis, is; robur, oris. 
Virgil, n., Virgilius, ii. 
virtue, n., virtus, utis. 
virtuous, adj., probus, a, um; 

castus, a, um. 
visitor, n., hospes, itis. 
voice, n., vox, cis. 



W. 



wait, v., maneo, ere; for, 

exspecto, are. 
wall, n., murus, i; moenia, ium. 
wandering, n., error, is; erra- 

tus, us. 



wanting, v., (= in need of,) 

egeo, ere; desum, esse. 

war, n., bellum, i. 

warfare, n., certamen, inis; bel- 
lum, i. 



102 



Latin Prose Composition. 



warn, v., (prae) (ad) moneo, 

ere. 
warning, n., monitus, us. 
warrior, n., see soldier. 
waters, n., (= sea,) see sea. 
wave, n., unda, ae. 
way, n., via, ae; modus, i. 
we, pron., l nos (ego). 
weak, adj., inHrmus, a, um; in- 

stabilis, e. 
weakness, n., inHrmitas, atis. 
wealth, n., opulentia, ae; divi- 

tiae, arum. 
weary, and wearied, adj., fes- 

sus, a, um. 
weep, v., lacrimo, are. 
welcome, v., laete accipio, ere. 
welfare, n., commodum, i; 

salus, litis. 
well, v., valeo, ere; adv., bene. 
what, pron., (interrog.,) quid; 
(rel.,) quod; adj., qui, quae, 

quod; quis, quae, quid; (== 

of sort,) qualis, e. 

when, conj., cum; quando. 
whence, adv., unde. 
whenever, adv., utcumque. 
wherefore, adv., quamobrem; 

cur. 



whether, conj., -ne (enclit.) ; 

num; utrum; an; 

or, utrum an, num 

an; or not, necne. 

which, pron., see who; 

of two, uter, tra, trum. 

who, pron. (rel.,) qui, quae, 
quod; (interrog.,) quis, quae, 
quid. 

whole, adj., totus, a, um. 

why, adv., quare; see where- 
fore. 

wicked, adj., nefarius, a, um. 

wickedness, n., nequitia, ae. 

will, n., nutus, us; voluntas, 

atis. 
willing, adj., laetus, a, um; li- 

bens, ntis; (= to wish,) volo 

velle. 
willingly, adv., laete. 
win, v., obtineo, ere. 
wind, n., ventus, i. 
wise, adj., sapiens, ntis. 
wisdom, n., sapientia, ae. 
wish, v., volo, velle; n., desi- 

derium, ii. 
with, prep., cum (abl.). 
within, prep., inter, intra 

(ace.) ; in (abl.). 



Latin Prose Composition. 



103 



without, prep., extra (ace.) ; 

sine (abl.). 
wonder, v., (ad) miror, ari. 
wonderful, adj., mirabilis, e; 

mirus, a, um. 
wont, v., be — — , soleo, ere. 
word, n., verbum, i; dictum, i. 
work, n., opus, eris; (literary- 
work,) liber, bri. 
world, n., mundus, i; orbis ter- 

rarum. 
worse, adj., pejor, us; deterior, 

ius; adv., pejus. 
worship, n., veneratio, onis; v., 

veneror, ari. 
worth, n., aestimatio, onis; 

praestantia, ae. 



worthless, adj., vilis, e; inu- 

tilis, e. 
worthy, adj., dignus, a, um. 
would that, adv., utinam. 
wound, n., vulnus, eris; v., vul- 

nero, are. 
wretched, n., miseri, orum; adj., 

miserabilis, e. 
write, v., scribo, ere. 
writer, n., scriptor, oris; auc- 

tor, oris. 
writing, n., scriptum, i; liber, 

bri. 
wrong, adj., pravus, a, um; n., 

malum, i; injuria, ae; nefas 

(indecl.). 



X. 



Xerxes, n., Xerxes, is. 



Y. 



year, n., annus, i. 

yet, conj., tamen; sed; at; 

quamquam. 
you, pron., tu, tui. 
your, pron., tuus, a, um (in ad- 



dressing one) ; v ester, tra, 
trum (in addressing more 
than one), 
youth, n., juventus, utis. 



Apr. 16 1901 



APR 10 1901 



^M 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



003 036 404 1 



